目录
- 1.基本语法
- 2.无限循环
- 3.使用示例
1.基本语法
while [ 条件表达式 ] do 语句 语句 done
示例:循环输出 1~10这几个数
[root@openEuler ~]# cat while1.sh #!/bin/bash i=1 while [ $i -le 10 ] do echo $i let i++ done
示例:使用 ex编程ec 读取指定文件的内容并循环输出。
# 第一步创建文件及内容 [root@openEuler ~]# cat > myfile << EOF > open > openlab > openlab123 > linux > readhat > EOF [root@openEuler ~]# cat myfile open openlab openlab123 linux readhat # 第二步:编写脚本来实现文件读取并循环输出 [root@openEuler ~]# cat while2.sh #!/bin/bash exec < myfile while read line do echo $line done [root@openEuler ~]# bash while2.sh open openlab openlab123 linux readphphat
使用另一种方式来读取文件:
[root@openEuler ~]# cat while3.sh #!/bin/bash while read line do echo $line done < myfile [root@openEuler ~]# bash while3.sh open openlab openlab123 linux readhwww.devze.comat
2.无限循环
在 whiljavascripte 的表达式中,可以指定以下几个特殊值:
- true 它会一直循环,而且它的状态返码是 0
- false 它不做任何事,表示成功,状态码为 0
- : 它的作用与 true 相同,都是进行无限循环
示例:
[root@openEuler ~]# while true ; do echo 123123 ; done #会一直循环 [root@openEuler ~]# while false ; do echo 123123 ; done [root@openEuler ~]# echo $? 0 [root@openEuler ~]# while : ; do echo 123123 ; done
3.使用示例
[root@openEuler ~]# cat while4.sh #!/bin/bash price=$[ $RANDOM % 100 ] time=0 while true do read -p 'Please enter product price [0-99]: ' input let time++ if [ $input -eq $price ]; then echo 'Good luck, you guessed it.' echo 'You have guessed $time times.' exit 0 elif [ $input -gt $price ]; then echo "$input is to high" else echo "$input is to low" fi if [ $time -eq 5 ]; then echo "You have guessed is 5 times. exit" exit 1 fi done [root@openEuler ~]# bash while4.sh Please enter product price [0-99]: 50 50 is to low Please enter product price [0-99]: 80 80 is to high Please enter product price [0-99]: 70 70 is to high Please enter product price [0-99]: 60 60 is to low Please enter product price [0-99]: 65 65 is to low You have guessed is 5 times. exit [root@openEuler ~]#
示例:使用while读取文件
# 1. 创建文件 [root@openEuler ~]# cat ips 192.168.72.131 22 192.168.72.132 23 192.168.72.133 22 # 2. 编写脚本 [root@openEuler ~]# cat while6.sh #!/bin/bash while read line do IP=`echo $line|cut -d" " -f1` # 也可以使用awk来实现,如:IP=`echo $line|awk '{print $1}'` PORT=$(echo $line|cut -d " " -f 2) echo "IP:$IP, PORT:${PORT}" done < ips # 3. 运行测试 [root@openEuler ~]# bash while6.sh IP:192.编程客栈168.72.131, PORT:22 IP:192.168.72.132, PORT:23 IP:192.168.72.133, PORT:22
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