pygame实现贪吃蛇小游戏

本文实例为大家分享了pygame实现贪吃蛇小游戏的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

由于这段时间实在是太聊了，没什www.cppcns.com么事做，游戏也玩腻了，所以玩起来pygame。pygame是真的容易上手，但用来做游戏也有很大的局限性，做一些小游戏还是没什么问题的。

首先，制作游戏最大的问题我认为是确定要制作的游戏的玩法，具体的细节都确定清楚之后再去实现还是很容易的。所以开发游戏最大的问题可能是需要一个好的创意，没有好的创意都没法开始。贪吃蛇相信没有人没玩过了，玩法也很简单，没吃一个方块可以使蛇的身体变长，头部碰到墙壁或者头部碰到自己身体就game over了。然后也需要一个计分板记录分数。由于只是一个简单的小游戏，不用一个具体的步骤了，就自己码代码的时候不断完善代码还是很容易完成的。

初步的版本，实现了蛇的移动和吃方块身体变长，但还没有检测导致game over 的时间。自己想到了不少事情，如可以记录游戏分数并保存到本地文件，记录最高分，但毕竟只是个小游戏，只要保证游戏的完整性就算过关了，再怎么追求完美也不过是用pygame开发的，其价值始终只在于自娱自乐。之后将这个版本完善一下就算完成了。

import pygame,sys,numpy as nu,random as ra
from pygame.sprite import Sprite,Group
class setting():
  def __init__(self,w,h):
    self.w1=0.1*w
    self.w2=0.7*w
    self.w3=0.75*w
    self.w4=0.95*w
    self.h1=0.1*h
    self.h2=0.7*h
    self.length=0.05*self.w1
    self.speed=self.length
    self.wall_length=0.1*self.length
    self.wall_color=(0,0,0)
    self.snake_color=(0,0,230)
    self.head_color=(230,0,0)
class block(Sprite):
  def __init__(self,screen,rect,test,color):
    super().__init__()
    self.screen=screen
    self.rect=rect   #pygame.Rect(0,0,10,10)
    self.test=test
    self.color=color
  def update(self):
    self.rect=self.test(self.rect)
  def draw_bullet(self):
    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.color,self.rect)
class textBlock(Sprite):
  def __init__(self,screen,rect,color,text,text_color):
    super().__init__()
    self.screen=screen
    self.rect=rect   #pygame.Rect(0,0,10,10)
    self.color=color
    self.text_color=text_color
    self.font=pygame.font.SysFont(None,68)
    self.image=self.font.render(text,True,self.text_color,self.color)
    self.image_rect=self.image.get_rect()
    self.image_rect.left=rect.left-200
    self.image_rect.top=rect.top-200
  def update(self):
    pass
  def changeText(self,text):
    self.image=self.font.render(text,True,self.text_color,self.color)
  def draw_bullet(self):
    self.screen.blit(self.image,self.image_rect)
    #pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)
def run_game():
  pygame.init()
  w,h=1200,800
  screen=pygame.display.set_mode((w,h))
  pygame.display.set_caption("pygame1")
  bg_color=(230,230,230)
  settings=setting(w,h)

  g,gg=Group(),Group()

  a = block(screen, pygame.Rect((settings.w1+settings.w2)/2, (settings.h1+settings.h2)/2,
                 settings.length, settings.length),lambda r:r,settings.head_color)
  aa = block(screen, pygame.Rect((settings.w1 + settings.w2) / 2, (settings.h1 + settings.h2) / 2,
                 settings.length, settings.length), lambda r: r, settings.snake_color)
  g.add(a)
  #墙壁
  wall=Group()
  w1=block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w1, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2-settings.h1),
       lambda r:r,settings.wall_color)
  w2 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w1, settings.h1, settings.w2-settings.w1, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r,settings.wall_color)
  w3 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w2, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2-settings.h1),
       lambda r: r,settings.wall_color)
  w4 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w1, settings.h2, settings.w2-settings.w1, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r,settings.wall_color)
  wall.add(w1);wall.add(w2);wall.add(w3);wall.add(w4)

  w5 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2 - settings.h1),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  w6 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3, settings.h1, settings.w4 - settings.w3, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  w7 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w4, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2 - settings.h1),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  w8 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3, settings.h2, settings.w4 - settings.w3, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  wall.add(w5)
  wall.add(w6)
  wall.add(w7)
  wall.add(w8)
  timesec = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3+200, settings.h1+200, 50,50), (230, 230, 230),
            "time:"+str(pygame.time.get_ticks()), (200, 0, 20))
  leng=1
  snakeLength = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3 + 200, settings.h1 + 400, 50, 50), (230, 230, 230),
            "length:" + str(leng), (200, 0, 20))
  start=textBlock(screen,pygame.Rect(w/2,h/2,50,50),(230,230,230),"Gluttonous Snake",(0,200,200))
  start_1 = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(w / 2+50, h / 2+100, 50, 50), (230, 230, 230),
            "Start game",(200,20,20))
  start_2 = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(w / 2 + 50, h / 2 + 200, 50, 50), (230, 230, 230),
            "exit", (200, 20, 20))
  block_=block(screen, pygame.Rect(w / 2-170, h / 2-85, 10, 10),
       lambda r:r,settings.wall_color)
  kw,ks,ka,kd=False,False,False,False
  start_game,exit_game,generator=False,False,False
  timeStart=0
  ls=[start_game,kw,ks,ka,kd,exit_game,timeStart,generator,leng]
  lx,ly,la=[],[],[]
  def check_event(ls,lx,ly,la):
    for event in pygame.event.get():
      if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
        sys.exit()
      elif event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN and ls[0]:
        if event.key==pygame.K_w:
          ls[1:5]=[True,False,False,False]
        elif event.key==pygame.K_a:
          ls[1:5]=[False,False,True,False]
        elif event.key==pygame.K_s:
          ls[1:5]=[False,True,False,False]
        elif event.key==pygame.K_d:
          ls[1:5]=[False,False,False,True]
      elif event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN:
        if event.key==pygame.K_SPACE :
          if(ls[5]):
            sys.exit()
          else:
            ls[0],ls[2],ls[7]=True,True,True
            ls[6]=pygame.time.get_ticks()
        elif event.key==pygame.K_w or event.key==pygame.K_s:
          if(ls[5]):
            block_.rect.y-=100
          else:
            block_.rect.y+=100
          ls[5]=not ls[5]
    if(ls[0]):#start game
      if(ls[7]):
        aa.rect.x,aa.rect.y=ra.randint(settings.w1+20,settings.w2-20),\
                  ra.randint(settings.h1+20,settings.h2-20)
        ls[7]=False
      if(pygame.time.get_ticks()%30==1):
        if(ls[1] and a.rect.y>settings.h1):
          a.rect.y-=settings.speed
          lx.append(0)
          ly.append(-settings.speed)
        elif(ls[2] and a.rect.y<settings.h2-settings.length):
          a.rect.y+=settings.speed
          lx.append(0)
          ly.append(settings.speed)
        elif(ls[3] and a.rect.x>settings.w1):
          a.rect.x-=settings.speed
          lx.append(-settings.speed)
          ly.append(0)
        elif(ls[4] and a.rect.x<settings.w2-settings.length):
          a.rect.x+=settings.speed
          lx.append(settings.speed)
          ly.append(0)
        dir=-2
        for als in la:
          als.rect.x+=lx[dir]
          als.rect.y+=ly[dir]
          dir-=1
      a.draw_bullet()
      g.update()
      aa.draw_bullet()
      for all in gg:
        all.draw_bullet()
      for walls in wall:
        walls.draw_bullet()
      timesec.changeText("time:"+str((pygame.time.get_ticks()-ls[6])//1000))
      timesec.draw_bullet()
      snakeLength.draw_bullet()
      if (pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(aa, g)):
        print("collide")
        ls[7]=True
        ls[8]+=1
        snakeLength.changeText("length:" + str(ls[8]))
        if(len(la)==0):
          aaa = block(screen, pygame.Rect(a.rect.x,a.rect.y,
                       settings.length, settings.length), lambda r: r, settings.snake_color)
        else:
          aaa = block(screen, pygame.Rect(a.rect.x, a.rect.y,
                          settings.length, settings.length), lambda r: r,
                settings.snake_color)
        for x in range(len(la)+1):
          aaa.rect.x-=lx[-x-1]
          aaa.rect.y-=ly[-x-1]
        gg.add(aaa)
        la.append(aaa)
    else:
      start.draw_bullet()
      start_1.draw_bullet()
      start_2.draw_bullet()
      block_.draw_bullet()
  while True:
    screen.fill(bg_color)
    check_event(ls,lx,ly,la)
    pygame.display.flip()
run_game()

最终完成版本：

import pygame,sys,www.cppcns.comnumpy as nu,random as ra
from pygame.sprite import Sprite,Group
class setting():
  def __init__(self,w,h):
    self.w1=0.1*w
    self.w2=0.7*w
    self.w3=0.75*w
    self.w4=0.95*w
    self.h1=0.1*h
    self.h2=0.7*h
    self.length=0.05*self.w1
    self.speed=self.length
    self.wall_length=0.1*self.length
    self.wall_color=(0,0,0)
    self.snake_color=(0,0,230)
    self.head_color=(230,0,0)
class block(Sprite):
  def __init__(self,screen,rect,test,color):
    super().__init__()
    self.screen=screen
    self.rect=rect   #pygame.Rect(0,0,10,10)
    self.test=test
    self.color=color
  def update(self):
    self.rect=self.test(self.rect)
  def draw_bullet(self):
    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.color,self.rect)
class textBlock(Sprite):
  def __init__(self,screen,rect,color,text,text_color):
    super().__init__()
    self.screen=screen
    self.rect=rect   #pygame.Rect(0,0,10,10)
    self.color=color
    self.text_color=text_color
    self.font=pygame.font.SysFont(None,68)
    self.image=self.font.render(text,True,self.text_color,self.color)
    self.image_rect=self.image.get_rect()
    self.image_rect.left=rect.left-200
    self.image_rect.top=rect.top-200
  def update(self):
    pass
  def changeText(self,text):
    self.image=self.font.render(text,True,self.text_color,self.color)
  def draw_bullet(self):
    self.screen.blit(self.image,self.image_rect)
    #pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)
def run_game():
  pygame.init()
  w,h=1200,800
  screen=pygame.display.set_mode((w,h))
  pygame.display.set_caption("pygame1")
  bg_color=(230,230,230)
  settings=setting(w,h)

  g,gg=Group(),Group()

  a = block(screen, pygame.Rect((settings.w1+settings.w2)/2, (settings.h1+settings.h2)/2,
                 settings.length, settings.length),lambda r:r,settings.head_color)
  aa = block(screen, pygame.Rect((settings.w1 + settings.w2) / 2, (settings.h1 + settings.h2) / 2,
                 settings.length, settings.length), lambda r: r, settings.snake_color)
  g.add(a)
  #墙壁
  wall=Group()
  w1=block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w1, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2-settings.h1),
       lambda r:r,settings.wall_color)
  w2 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w1, settings.h1, settings.w2-settings.w1, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r,settings.wall_color)
  w3 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w2, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2-settings.h1),
       lambda r: r,settings.wall_color)
  w4 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w1, settings.h2, settings.w2-settings.w1, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r,settings.wall_color)
  wall.add(w1);wall.add(w2);wall.add(w3);wall.http://www.cppcns.comadd(w4)

  w5 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2 - settings.h1),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  w6 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3, settings.h1, settings.w4 - settings.w3, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  w7 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w4, settings.h1, settings.wall_length, settings.h2 - settings.h1),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  w8 = block(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3, settings.h2, settings.w4 - settings.w3, settings.wall_length),
       lambda r: r, settings.wall_color)
  wall.add(w5)
  wall.add(w6)
  wall.add(w7)
  wall.add(w8)
  timesec = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3+2编程客栈00, settings.h1+200, 50,50), (230, 230, 230),
            "time:"+str(pygame.time.get_ticks()), (200, 0, 20))
  leng=1
  snakeLength = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(settings.w3 + 200, settings.h1 + 400, 50, 50), (230, 230, 230),
            "length:" + str(leng), (200, 0, 20))
  start=textBlock(screen,pygame.Rect(w/2,h/2,50,50),(230,230,230),"Gluttonous Snake",(0,200,200))
  start_1 = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(w / 2+50, h / 2+100, 50, 50), (230, 230, 230),
            "Start game",(200,20,20))
  start_2 = textBlock(screen, pygame.Rect(w / 2 + 50, h / 2 + 200, 50, 50), (230, 230, 230),
            "exit", (200, 20, 20))
  block_=block(screen, pygame.Rect(w / 2-170, h / 2-85, 10, 10),
       lambda r:r,settings.wall_color)
  kw,ks,ka,kd=False,False,False,False
  start_game,exit_game,generator,gameOver=False,False,False,False
  timeStart=0
  ls=[start_game,kw,ks,ka,kd,exit_game,timeStart,generator,leng,gameOver]
  lx,ly=[],[]
  def check_event(ls,lx,ly,gg):
    for event in pygame.event.get():
      if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
        sys.exit()
      elif event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN and ls[0] and not ls[9]:
        if event.key==pygame.K_w:
          ls[1:5]=[True,False,False,False]
        elif event.key==pygame.K_a:
          ls[1:5]=[False,False,True,False]
        elif event.key==pygame.K_s:
          ls[1:5]=[False,True,False,False]
        elif event.key==pygame.K_d:
          ls[1:5]=[False,False,False,True]
      elif event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN and not ls[9]:
        if event.key==pygame.K_SPACE :
          if(ls[5]):
            sys.exit()
          else:
            ls[0],ls[2],ls[7]=True,True,True
  http://www.cppcns.com          ls[6]=pygame.time.get_ticks()
        elif event.key==pygame.K_w or event.key==pygame.K_s:
          if(ls[5]):
            block_.rect.y-=100
          else:
            block_.rect.y+=100
          ls[5]=not ls[5]
      elif event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN:
        if event.key==pygame.K_SPACE :
          if(ls[5]):
            sys.exit()
          else:
            ls[0],ls[2],ls[7],ls[9],ls[8]=True,True,True,False,1
            la ,lx,ly= [],[],[]
            snakeLength.changeText("length:" + str(ls[8]))
            gg.empty()
            ls[6]=pygame.time.get_ticks()
            a.rect.x,a.rect.y=(settings.w1+settings.w2)/2, (settings.h1+settings.h2)/2
        elif event.key==pygame.K_w or event.key==pygame.K_s:
          if(ls[5]):
            block_.rect.y-=100
          else:
            block_.rect.y+=100
          ls[5]=not ls[5]
    if(ls[0] and not ls[9]):#start game
      if(ls[7]):
        aa.rect.x,aa.rect.y=ra.randint(settings.w1+20,settings.w2-20),\
                  ra.randint(settings.h1+20,settings.h2-20)
        ls[7]=False
      if(pygame.time.get_ticks()%30==1):
        if(ls[1] and a.rect.y>=settings.h1):
          a.rect.y-=settings.speed
          lx.append(0)
          ly.append(-settings.speed)
        elif(ls[2] and a.rect.y<=settings.h2-settings.length):
          a.rect.y+=settings.speed
          lx.append(0)
          ly.append(settings.speed)
        elif(ls[3] and a.rect.x>=settings.w1):
          a.rect.x-=settings.speed
          lx.append(-settings.speed)
          ly.append(0)
        elif(ls[4] and a.rect.x<=settings.w2-settings.length):
          a.rect.x+=settings.speed
          lx.append(settings.speed)
          ly.append(0)
        dir=-2
        for als in gg:
          als.rect.x+=lx[dir]
          als.rect.y+=ly[dir]
          dir-=1
      a.draw_bullet()
      g.update()
      aa.draw_bullet()
      for all in gg:
        all.draw_bullet()
      for walls in wall:
        walls.draw_bullet()
      timesec.changeText("time:"+str((pygame.time.get_ticks()-ls[6])//1000))
      timesec.draw_bullet()
      snakeLength.draw_bullet()
      if (pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(aa, g)):
        print("collide")
        ls[7]=True
        ls[8]+=1
        snakeLength.changeText("length:" + str(ls[8]))
        aaa = block(screen, pygame.Rect(a.rect.x, a.rect.y,
                          settings.length, settings.length), lambda r: r,
                settings.snake_color)
        for x in range(len(gg)+1):
          aaa.rect.x-=lx[-x-1]
          aaa.rect.y-=ly[-x-1]
        gg.add(aaa)
      if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(a,wall) or pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(a,gg):
        ls[9],ls[1],ls[2],ls[3],ls[4]=True,False,False,False,False
        print("game over")
      if a.rect.x==settings.w1-settings.length or a.rect.x==settings.w2 \
        or a.rect.y==settings.h1-settings.length or a.rect.y==settings.h2:
        ls[9], ls[1], ls[2], ls[3], ls[4] = True, False, False, False, False
        print("game over")
    else:
      if ls[9]:
        start.changeText("again or exit")
        start_1.changeText("again")
      start.draw_bullet()
      start_1.draw_bullet()
      start_2.draw_bullet()
      block_.draw_bullet()
  while True:
    screen.fill(bg_color)
    check_event(ls,lx,ly,gg)
    pygame.display.flip()
run_game()

虽然可能还有不足之处，但玩起来感觉还不错。

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