目录
- 建立Service
- 绑定服务
- 小结
四大组件,就剩下最后一个Service
,他比较重要,相当于后台服务,基本上大部分的app,都会有一两个这样的服务Service
。
Service
用处非常的多,可以根据后台的特性来决定Service
的用法。
Service
的使用也非常的简单,简单的建立和绑定,就能完成Service
的动作。
建立Service
这里我们创建一个Service
,用它来发送消息服务,这里从服务的建立和用Binder
来绑定服务,这样可以建立起Service
和Activity
之间的通讯问题。
建立一个
internal class MyBinder(private val service: NotificationService) : Binder() { fun getService() : NotificationService{ return service } }
MyBinder
是我们的中间人,我们需要通过它来找到真正的Service
。
NotificationService
如下:
class NotificationService : Service() { private lateinit var mNotification: Notification private val mNotificationId: Int = 1000 private var mBinder = MyBinder(this@NotificationService) companion object { const val CHANNEL_ID = "com.kotlin.kotlin_start_ch18.CHANNEL_ID" const val CHANNEL_NAME = "Sample Notification" } override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder { return mBinder }
这里NotificationService
是一个空的,什么任务也没有,为他加一个简单的任务,就是消息推送通知。
@SuppressLint("NewApi") private fun createChannel() { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) { // Create the NotificationChannel, but only on API 26+ because // the NotificationChannel class is new and not in the support library val context = this.applicationContext val notificationManager = context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager val importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH val notificationChannel = NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID, CHANNEL_NAME, importance) notificationChannel.enableVibration(true) php notificationChannel.setShowBadge(true) notificationChannel.enableLights(true) notificationChannel.lightcolor = Color.parseColor("#e8334a") notificationChannel.description = getString(R.string.notification_channel_description) notificationChannel.lockscreenVisibility = Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(notificationChannel) } }
通过上面的代码,NotificationService
就有了自己的事情做了,可以通过notifyMessage()
public fun notifyMessage(){ //Create Channel createChannel() val context = this.applicationContext var notificationManager: NotificationManager = context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager val notifyIntent = Intent(this, ResultActivity::class.Java) val title = "Sample Notification" val message = "You have received a sample notification. This notification will take you to the details page." notifyIntent.putExtra("title", title) notifyIntent.putExtra("message", message) notifyIntent.putEwww.devze.comxtra("notification", true) notifyIntent.flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK val pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 0, notifyIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE) val res = this.resources val uri = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION) if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) { mNotification = Notification.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID) // Set the intent that will fire when the user taps the notification .setContentIntent(pendingIntent) .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_stat_name) .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, R.mipmap.ic_launcher)) .setAutoCancel(true) .setContentTitle(title) .setStyle( Notification.BigTextStyle() .bigText(message) ) .setContentText(message).build() } else { mNotification = Notification.Builder(this) // Set the intent that will fire when the user taps the notification .setContentIntent(pendingIntent) .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_stat_name) .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, R.mipmap.ic_launcher)) .setAutoCancel(true) .setPriority(Nopythontification.PRIORITY_MAX) .setContentTitle(title) .setStyle( http://www.devze.com Notification.BigTextStyle() .bigText(message) ) 开发者_Go学习 .setSound(uri) 编程 .setContentText(message).build() } notificationManager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager // mNotificationId is a unique int for each notification that you must define notificationManager.notify(mNotificationId, mNotification) }
当我们发送的通知消息被点击以后,会回到我们app
的ResultActivity
中,只要在程序中把ResultActivity
实现为自己的逻辑,就能调整到ResultActivity
页面中。
绑定服务
启动服务可以有两种方法,一种是直接启动,一种还要进行相应的绑定。
val service = Intent(this@MainActivity, NotificationService::class.java) service.putExtra("reason", intent.getStringExtra("reason")) service.putExtra("timestamp", intent.getLongExtra("timestamp", 0)) service.data = Uri.parse("custom://" + System.currentTimeMillis()) startService(service)
我们需要和Service
进行通讯,所以我们采用绑定的方式。
private fun bindService() { connection = object : ServiceConnection { override fun onServiceConnected(name: ComponentName, service: IBinder) { binder = service as NotificationService.MyBinder } override fun onServiceDisconnected(name: ComponentName) {} } val intent = Intent(this, NotificationService::class.java) startService(intent) bindService(intent, connection as ServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE) }
如上,我们可以通过服务,发送通知消息了。
小结
四大组件,我们已经一个一个的进行了简单的介绍,你会慢慢的了解到安卓开发中主要的组件形式和使用的方法,后面还会慢慢的安卓的其他的特性进行介绍。这四大组件非常的重要,可以在其他的demo中注意这四个组件的用法,对开发程序会有很大的帮助。
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