Java中实现用户之间的通讯方式_开发_开发者

1. 使用Socket编程

Socket编程是实现网络通讯的基础，它允许两个设备之间进行数据交换。以下是一个简单的Java Socket编程示例，用于实现客户端和服务器之间的基本通讯。

服务器端代码（Server.java）

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(1234); // 服务器监听的端口号
        System.out.println("Server is listening on port 1234");
        while (true) {
            Swww.devze.comocket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 接受客户端连接
            new ServerThread(socket).start(); // 为每个连接创建一个新线程
        }
    }
}
class ServerThread extends Thread {
    private Socket socket;
    public ServerThread(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }
    public void run() {
        try {
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
            PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(out, true);
            String inputLine;
            while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println("Server received: " + inputLine);
                writer.println("Echo: " + inputLine);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端代码（Client.java）

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 1234); // 连接到服务器
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
        BufferedReader stdIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                String serverResponse;
                while ((serverResponse = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    System.out.printlhttp://www.devze.comn("Server says: " + serverResponse);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();
        String userInput;
        System.out.println("Enter messages (leave empty line to quit):");
        while ((userInput = stdIn.readLine()) != null) {
            out.println(userInput);
            if (userInput.trim().isEmpty()) {
                break;
            }
        }
        socket.close();
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

2. 使用WebSocket

WebSocket提供了全双工通讯，允许服务器主动发送信息给客户端。这通常用于需要实时通讯的应用，如聊天应用。

服务器端代码（使用Spring Boot）

首先，你需要添加Spring Boot的依赖到你的pom.XML文件中：

然后，创建WebSocket配置：

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
@Configuration
@EnableandroidWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addHandler(new ChatHandler(), "/chat").setAllowedOrigins("*");
    }
}

创建WebSocket处理器：

import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;
public class ChatHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {
    @Override
    public void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
        for (WebSocketSession s : sessions) {
            s.sendMessage(new TextMessage("Echo: " + message.getPayload()));
        }
    }
}

客户端代码（html + javascript）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>WebSocket Test</title>
    <script>
        var ws = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/chat");
        ws.onmessage = function(event) {
 oCSrYFVQ           var message = event.data;
            console.log(message);
            document.getElementById('messages').innerHTML += '<li>' + message + '</li>';
        };
        function sendMessage() {
            var input = document.getElementById('messageInput');
            ws.send(input.value);
         www.devze.com   input.value = '';
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <ul id="messages"></ul>
    <input type="text" id="messageInput"/>
    <button onclick="sendMessage()">Send</button>
</body>
</html>

这两种方法都可以实现用户之间的通讯，选择哪种取决于你的具体需求和应用场景。

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