Android自定义实现转盘菜单

目录

• 一、前言
• 二、绘制原理
• 三、总结

一、前言

旋转菜单是一种占用空间较大，实用性稍弱的UI，一方面由于展示空间的问题，其展示的数据有限，但另一方面真由于这个原因，对用户而言趣味性和操作性反而更有好。

二、绘制原理

绘制原理很简单，通过细微的观察，我们发现文字是不需要旋转的，也就是每个菜单是不需要自旋转，只需要旋转其位置坐标即可，实际上其难点并不是绘制，而是在于触摸事件的处理方式。

本篇菜单特性：

• 动态设置菜单
• 计算旋转方向和旋转角度
• 支持点击

难点1：

旋转方向判断，旋转时记录起始点，计算出旋转方向。

首先，我们要理解，Touch事件也存在抽象的坐标体系，和View左上角重合，因此我们需要转换坐标

float cx = event.getX() - getWidth() / 2F;
float cy = event.getY() - getHeight() / 2F;

旋转角度的计算

这种计算是为了计算出与原始落点位置的夹角，这里的方法是计算使用Math.asin反正切函数，然后结合坐标系进行判断

float lineWidth = (float) Math.sqrt(Math.pow(cx, 2) + Math.pow(cy, 2));
float degreeRadian = (float) Math.asin(cy / lineWidth);
float dr = 0;
if (cy > 0) {
         //一二象限
 if (cx > 0) {
    dr = degreeRadian;
 } else {
   dr = (float) ((Math.PI - degreeRadian));
 }

} else {
    //三四象限
    if (cx > 0) {
         dr = (float) (Math.PI * 2 - Math.abs(degreeRadian));
    } else {
        dr = (float) ((Math.PI + Math.abs(degreeRadian)));
    }
}

由于对Math的了解我们知道，Math.asin不能反映真实的夹角，因此需要做上面的补充。但是后来我们发现，Math.atan2函数的存在，直接可以求出斜率夹角，而且不会丢失象限关系，一下子就省了好几行代码。

dr = (float) Math.atan2(cy, cx);

难点2:实时更新

为了旋转，我们可能忘记记录最新位置，这个可能导致圆反向旋转，因此要实时记录位置

eStartX = cx;
eStartY = cy;

难点3：由于拦截了UP事件，因此需要对UP事件进行专门处理

if (System.currentTimeMillis() - startDownTime > 500) {    
  break;
}
float upX = event.getX() - getWidth() / 2F;
float upY = event.getY() - getHeight() / 2F;
handleClickTap(upX, upY);

全部代码：

public class OribitView extends View {

    private final String TAG = "OribitView";
    private DisplayMetrics displayMetrics;
    private float mOutlineRaduis;
    private float mInlineRadius;
    private TextPaint mPaint;
    private float lineWidth = 5f;
    private float textSize = 12f;
    private int itemCount = 5;

    private int mTouchSlop = 0;
    private float rotateDegreeRadian = 0;

    private OnItemClickListener onItemClickListener;

    private float eStartX = 0f;
    private float eStartY = 0f;
    private boolean isMoveTouch = false;
    private float startDegreeRadian = 0l; //记录用于落点角度，用于参考
    private long startDownTime = 0l;

    Rect bounds = new Rect();
    private final List<OribitItemPoint> mOribitItemPoints = new ArrayList<>();

    public OribitView(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public OribitView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public OribitView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        displayMetrics = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
        initPaint();
        mTouchSlop = ViewConfiguration.get(context).getScaledTouchS编程lop();
        setLayerType(LAYER_TYPE_SOFTWARE,null);
    }

    private void initPaint() {
        // 实例化画笔并打开抗锯齿
        mPaint = new TextPaint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaint.setTextSize(dpToPx(textSize));

    }

    private float dpToPx(float dp) {
        return TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, dp, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
    }


    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);

        if (widthMandroidode != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            widthSize = displayMetrics.widthPixels / 2;
        }

        int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

        if (heightMode != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            heightSize = displayMetrics.widthPixels / 2;
        }
        widthSize = heightSize = Math.min(widthSize, heightSize);

        setMeasuredDimension(widthSize, heightSize);
    }


    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
        super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);

        mOutlineRaduis = w / 2.0f - dpToPx(lineWidth);
        mInlineRadius = mOutlineRaduis * 3 / 5.0f - dpToPx(lineWidth);

    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getWidth();

        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(dpToPx(lineWidth / 4));
        mPaint.setColor(Color.GRAY);
        int id = canvas.save();

        float centerRadius = (mOutlineRaduis + mInlineRadius) / 2;
        float itemRadius = (mOutlineRaduis - mInlineRadius) / 2;

        canvas.translate(width / 2F, height / 2F);

      //  canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, mOutlineRaduis, mPaint); //画外框
      //  canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, mInlineRadius, mPaint); //画内框

        float strokeWidth = mPaint.getStrokeWidth();
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(itemRadius * 2 - dpToPx(lineWidth / 2));
        mPaint.setColor(Color.DKGRAY);
        mPaint.setShadowLayer(10,0,10,Color.DKGRAY);
        canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, centerRadius, mPaint);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(strokeWidth);

        float degree = (float) (2 * Math.asin(itemRadius / centerRadius));
        //计算出从原点过item的切线夹角，求出每个圆所占夹角大小

        float spaceDegree = (float) ((Math.PI * 2 - degree * itemCount) / itemCount);


        for (int i = 0; i < mOribitItemPoints.size(); i++) {

            OribitItemPoint itemPoint = mOribitItemPoints.get(i);

            float x = (float) (centerRadius * Math.cos(rotateDegreeRadian + i * (spaceDegree + degree)));
            float y = (float) (centerRadius * Math.sin(rotateDegreeRadian + i * (spaceDegree + degree)));

            itemPoint.x = x;
            itemPoint.y = y;


            OribitItem oribitItem = itemPoint.getOribitItem();

            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            mPaint.setColor(oribitItem.backgroundColor);


            //减去线宽
            float strokeOffset = dpToPx(lineWidth / 2);

            canvas.drawCircle(x, y, itemRadius - strokeOffset, mPaint);
            mPaint.setColor(oribitItem.textColor);
            String text = String.valueOf(oribitItem.text);
            mPaint.getTextBounds(text, 0, text.length(), bounds);
            float textBaseline = getTextPaintBaseline(mPaint) - y - bounds.height() + strokeOffset;
            canvas.drawText(text, x - bounds.width() / 2F, -textBaseline, mPaint);

        }
        canvas.restoreToCount(id);

    }


    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

        switch (event.getAction()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                eStartX = event.getX() - getWidth() / 2F;
                //这里转为原点为画布中心的点，便于计算角度
    python            eStartY = event.getY() - getHeight() / 2F;

                //求出落点与坐标系x轴方向的夹角（
                float locationRadian = (float) Math.asin(eStartY / (float) Math.sqrt(Math.pow(eStartX, 2) + Math.pow(eStartY, 2)));

//                //根据正弦值计算起点在那个象限
//                if (eStartY > 0) {
//                    //一二象限
//                    if (eStartX < 0) {
//                        startDegreeRadian = (float) (Math.PI - locationRadian);
//                    } else {
//                        startDegreeRadian = locationRadian;
//                    }
//                } else {
//                    //三四象限
//                    if (eStartX > 0) {
//                        startDegreeRadian = (float) (Math.PI * 2 - Math.abs(locationRadian));
//                    } else {
//                        startDegreeRadian = (float) (Math.PI + Math.abs(locationRadian));
//                    }
//                }
                startDegreeRadian = locationRadian;
                startDownTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
                getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                super.onTouchEvent(event);
                return true;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                //坐标转换
                float cx = event.getX() - getWidth() / 2F;
                float cy = event.getY() - getHeight() / 2F;

                float dx = cx - eStartX;
                float dy = cy - eStartY;
                float slideSlop = (float) Math.sqrt(Math.pow(dx, 2) + Math.pow(dy, 2));

                if (slideSlop > mTouchSlop) {
                    isMoveTouch = true;
                } else {
                    isMoveTouch = false;

                }
                if (isMoveTouch) {

                    float lineWidth = (float) Math.sqrt(Math.pow(cx, 2) + Math.pow(cy, 2));
                    float degreeRadian = (float) Math.asin(cy / lineWidth);

                    float dr = 0;
//
//                    if (cy > 0) {
//                        //一二象限
//                        if (cx > 0) {
//                            dr = degreeRadian;
//                        } else {
//                            dr = (float) ((Math.PI - degreeRadian));
//                        }
//
//                    } else {
//                        //三四象限
//                        if (cx > 0) {
//                            dr = (float) (Math.PI * 2 - Math.abs(degreeRadian));
//                        } else {
//                            dr = (float) ((Math.PI + Math.abs(degreeRadian)));
//                        }
//                    }

                    dr = (float) Math.atan2(cy, cx);
                    rotateDegreeRadian += (dr - startDegreeRadian);
                    startDegreeRadian = dr;

                    eStartX = cx;
                    eStartY = cy;

                    postInvalidate();
                }

                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE:
                getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);
                if (isMoveTouch) {
                    isMoveTouch =javascript false;
                    break;
                }

                if (System.currentTimeMillis() - startDownTime > 500) {
                    break;
                }
                float upX = event.getX() - getWidth() / 2F;
                float upY = event.getY() - getHeight() / 2F;
                handleClickTap(upX, upY);

                break;
        }

        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }

    private void handleClickTap(float upX, float upY) {
        if (itemCount == 0 || mOribitItemPoints == null) return;

        OribitItemPoint clickItemPoint = null;
        float itemRadius = (mOutlineRaduis - mInlineRadius) / 2;

        for (OribitItemPoint itemPoint : mOribitItemPoints) {
            if (Float.isNaN(itemPoint.x) || Float.isNaN(itemPoint.y)) {
                continue;
            }
            float dx = (itemPoint.x - upX);
            float dy = (itemPoint.y - upY);
            float clickSlop = (float) Math.sqrt(Math.pow(dx, 2) + Math.pow(dy, 2));
            if (clickSlop >= itemRandroidadius) {
                continue;
            }
            clickItemPoint = itemPoint;
            break;
        }

        if (clickItemPoint == null) return;

        if (this.mOribitItemPoints != null) {
            this.onItemClickListener.onItemClick(this, clickItemPoint.oribitItem);
        }

    }

    public int getItemCount() {
        return itemCount;
    }

    public static float getTextPaintBaseline(Paint p) {
        Paint.FontMetrics fontMetrics = p.getFontMetrics();
        return (fontMetrics.descent - fontMetrics.ascent) / 2 - fontMetrics.descent;
    }

    public void showItems(List<OribitItem> oribitItems) {

        mOribitItemPoints.clear();
        if (oribitItems != null) {
            for (OribitItem item : oribitItems) {
                OribitItemPoint point = new OribitItemPoint();
                point.x = Float.NaN;
                point.y = Float.NaN;
                point.oribitItem = item;
                mOribitItemPoints.add(point);
            }
        }
        this.itemCount = mOribitItemPoints.size();
        postInvalidate();
    }


    public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener onItemClickListener) {
        this.onItemClickListener = onItemClickListener;
    }

    public static class OribitItem {
        public String text;
        public int textColor;
        public int backgroundColor;

    }

    static class OribitItemPoint<T extends OribitItem> extends PointF {

        private T oribitItem;

        public void setOribitItem(T oribitItem) {
            this.oribitItem = oribitItem;
        }

        public T getOribitItem() {
            return oribitItem;
        }
    }

    public interface OnItemClickListener {

        public void onItemClick(View contentView, OribitItem item);
    }
}

用法：

 OribitView oribitView = findViewById(R.id.oribitView);

        oribitView.setOnItemClickListener(new OribitView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(View contentView, OribitView.OribitItem item) {
                Toast.makeText(contentView.getContext(),item.text,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

        List<OribitView.OribitItem> oribitItems = new ArrayList<>();
        String[] chs = new String[]{"鲜花", "牛奶", "橘子", "生活", "新闻", "热点"};
        int[] colors = new int[]{argb(random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat()),
                argb(random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat()),
                argb(random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat()),
                argb(random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat()),
                argb(random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat()),
                argb(random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat(), random.nextFloat())
        };
        for (int i = 0; i < chs.length; i++) {
            OribitView.OribitItem item = new OribitView.OribitItem();
            item.text = chs[i];
            item.textColor = Color.WHITE;
            item.backgroundColor = colors[i];

            oribitItems.add(item);
        }

        oribitView.showItems(oribitItems);

三、总结

本篇难点主要是事件处理，当然可能有人会问，使用Layout添加岂不是更方便，答案是肯定的，但是本篇主要重点介绍Canvas 绘制，后续有Layout的布局，当然这里其实区别并不大，不同点是一个需要onLayout的调用，另一个是onDraw的调用，做好坐标轴转换即可，难度并不大。

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