近日有一套实时同步的 ASM 管理的单机 11204 ADG 备库，由于业务需要，想要脱离主库的约束，想激活拉成读写库直接升级成 ASM 管理的 19C，闪回快照模式无法满足要求，只能 ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE 强制切成可读写的主库。说干就干，先将其切成主库，升级过程等下次在一起讨论。
--主库 --主库设置为 defer, 取消备库日志应用，关库启动到 mount 状态进行。 show parameter log_archive_dest_state_2 alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=defer scope=both sid='*'; --备库 alter database recover managed standby database cancel; shu immediate startup mount --强制拉成主库，很遗憾报错 ORA-00349 SQL> ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE; ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00349: failure obtaining block size for '+JIEKE_DATA' ORA-15001: diskgroup "JIEKE_DATA" does not exist or is not mounted ORA-15001: diskgroup "JIEKE_DATA" does not exist or is not mounted
使用 ACTIVATE 命令想强制拉成主库，很遗憾如下图报错 ORA-00349。alert 日志中发现有很多清理 redo log 的报错，“ORA-00313: open failed…”无法打开日志组 5、6、23，于是查看日志组成员确实发现 redolog 创建的有问题，member 成员显示的为不存在的磁盘组 “+JIEKE_DATA” 而不是具体路径，真是存在的磁盘组“+JIEKER_DATA”。这就是问题所在，redolog 创建错误，切成主库时 redolog 又是必须的，故报错了，那么现在就是将这个错误的 redolog 重建，问题就会得到解决。但实际上不是这样的，折腾了好久也没解决，继续往下看。
GROUP# Member
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 +JIEKE_DATA
5 +JIEKE_DATA
6 +JIEKE_DATA
6 +JIEKE_DATA
23 +JIEKE_DATA
23 +JIEKE_DATA
11 +JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_11.1621.1065127343
11 +JIEKER_ARCH/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_11.389.1065127355
12 +JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_12.1620.1065127363
12 +JIEKER_ARCH/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_12.395.1065127371
13 +JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_13.1619.1065127381
SELECT to_char(f.group#) groupno, to_char(l.thread#) thread, f.member member, f.type redo_file_type, l.status group_status, f.status member_status, l.bytes/1024/1024 bytes, l.archived archived
FROM v$logfile f, v$log l WHERE f.group# = l.grSQL> oup# ORDER BY f.group#, f.member;
SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 2
Group Thread Member Redo Type Group Status Member Status Size(M) Archived
------ ------ -------------------- ---------- ------------ --------------- -------- ----------
5 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
6 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
23 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING_CUR INVALID 4,096 YES
RENT
1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING_CUR INVALID 4,096 YES
RENT
27 2 +JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/ ONLINE UNUSED 4,096 YES
onlinelog/group_27.1
741.1065129955
28 2 +JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/ ONLINE UNUSED 4,096 YES
onlinelog/group_28.1
742.1065129973
alert 日志如下：
Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1编程客栈 Clearing online redo logfile 5 +JIEKE_DATA Clearing online log 5 of thread 1 sequence number 4751 Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1 Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1 Clearing online redo logfile 5 complete Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 6 of thread 2 Clearing online redo logfile 6 +JIEKE_DATA Clearing online log 6 of thread 2 sequence number 2592 Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 6 of thread 2 Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 6 of thread 2 Clearing online redo logfile 6 complete Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 23 of thread 1 Clearing online redo logfile 23 +JIEKE_DATA Clearing online log 23 of thread 1 sequence number 4752 Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 23 of thread 1 Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 23 of thread 1 Clearing online redo logfile 23 complete Resetting resetlogs activation ID 2008461997 (0x77b6b2ad) Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1 Errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1 ORA-349 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE PHYSICAL STANDBY DATABASE... Tue Mar 02 22:42:30 2021 alter database drop logfile group 23 ORA-1623 signalled during: alter database drop logfile group 23... Tue Mar 02 22:45:07 2021 RFS[7]: Assigned to RFS process 10180 RFS[7]: Opened log for thread 2 sequence 2592 dbid 1797812601 branch 1063804222 Archived Log entry 1100 added for thread 2 sequence 2592 rlc 1063804222 ID 0x77b6b2ad dest 2: Tue Mar 02 22:45:08 2021 RFS[8]: Assigned to RFS process 10277 RFS[8]: Selected log 17 for thread 2 sequence 2593 dbid 1797812601 branch 1063804222 Tue Mar 02 22:45:08 2021 Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
重建备库 redolog
那么，这里将上演的是重建备库 redolog 的相关操作步骤。
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 27; alter database drop logfile group 27 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01156: recovery or flashback in progress may need access to files --由于开启了日志应用进程，直接删除会报错，故需要停止日志应用，修改参数 standby_file_management 为手动。 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel; Database altered. SQL> alter system set standby_file_management='manual' scope=both sid='*'; Database altered. SQL> show parameter standby_file_management NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ standby_file_management string manual SQL> alter database drop logfile group 27; Database altered. --由于日志组不能少于 2 个，故 日志组 28 不不能够删除。 SQL> alter database drop logfile group 28; alter database drop logfile group 28 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01567: dropping log 28 would leave less than 2 log files for instance JIEKEXU2 (thread 2) ORA-00312: online log 28 thread 2: '+JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_28.1742.1065129973'
下面则通过继续应用日志、重启、主库切日志、重命名等各种手段继续尝试删除这三个有问题的日志组。
--重启备库删除日志组 6、23，由于是当前日志组无法删除，庆幸日志组 5 成功删除了。 SQL> alter database drop logfile group 6; alter database drop logfile group 6 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01623: log 6 is current log for instance JIEKEXU2 (thread 2) - cannot drop ORA-00312: online log 6 thread 2: '+JIEKE_DATA' ORA-00312: online log 6 thread 2: '+JIEKE_DATA' SQL> alter database drop logfile group 5; Database altered. SQL> alter database drop logfile group 23; alter database drop logfile group 23 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01623: log 23 is current log for instance jiekexu (thread 1) - cannot drop ORA-00312: online log 23 thread 1: '+JIEKE_DATA' ORA-00312: online log 23 thread 1: '+JIEKE_DATA' --只剩两组日志组也是当前日志组，则当前日志组无法删除，尝试进行 rename 操作，但也是无效或者缺失命令。 SQL> alter database rename '+JIEKE_DATA' to '+JIEKER_DATA'; alter database rename '+JIEKE_DATA' to '+JIEKER_DATA' * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02231: missing or invalid option to ALTER DATABASE SQL> alter 开发者_Redisdatabase rename '+JIEKE_DATA' to '+JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_6.dbf'; alter database rename '+JIEKE_DATA' to '+JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_6.dbf' * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02231: missing or invalid option to ALTER DATABASE --当然继续激活为主库肯定也是报错。那就继续开启日志同步模式，先保持备库同步吧。 SQL> ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE; ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00349: failure obtaining block size for '+JIEKE_DATA' ORA-15001: diskgroup "JIEKE_DATA" does not exist or is not mounted ORA-15001: diskgroup "JIEKE_DATA" does not exist or is not mounted SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; Database altered.
重建备库控制文件解决
第二日早晨，睡醒之后头脑清晰想到备库既然无法删除，那主库肯定是可以删除的。通过主库删除日志组 6、23 之后，再重建一个备库的控制文件就可以解决。这样也很简单，主库删除备库有问题的两组日志组后使用 rman 备份一个备库的 控制文件，然后 scp 到备库，备库重启到 nomount 恢复控制文件，启动到 mount 就好了。
--主库： SQL> alter database drop logfile group 6; Database altered. SQL> alter database drop logfile group 23; Database altered. rman target / RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format '/home/oracle/backup20210303%d_%I_%s_%p.ctl'; scp /home/oracle/backup20210303%d_%I_%s_%p.ctl jiekeadg:/home/oracle/ --备库 SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL; Database altered. SQL> shu immediate ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1.0689E+11 bytes Fixed Size 2265864 bytes Variable Size 4.2144E+10 bytes Database Buffers 6.4425E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 323678208 bytes SQL> exit jiekeadg:/home/oracle(jiekexu)>rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Mar 3 10:07:34 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: JIEKEXU (not mounted) RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/home/oracle/backup20210303JIEKEXU_1797812601_106_1.ctl'; Starting restore at 2021-03-03 10:08:03 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=3009 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=+JIEKER_DATA/jiekexu/controlfile/current.1739.1065125909 output file name=+JIEKER_ARCH/jiekexu/controlfile/current.323.1065125911 Finished restore at 2021-03-03 10:08:04 RMAN> sql'alter database mount'; sql statement: alter database mount released channel: ORA_DISK_1 RMAN> exit -- SQLPLUS 里应用 MRP0 进程同步数据。 jiekeadg:/home/oracle(jiekexu)>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; Database altered. SQL> / NAME VALUE UNIT TIME_COMPUTED ------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ transport lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 03/03/2021 10:19:08 apply lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 03/03/2021 10:19:08
重建控制文件后恢复的备库中就没有了错误的磁盘组，但这样时间长一些则备库日志应用会延迟，因为 standby_log 日志状态全部为 UNASSIGNED 的。需要重建备库 standby redolog 日志组后它的状态才会变成 ACTIVE。
取消日志应用，修改参数编程客栈为 manual 删除原有日志组，重建日志组改回参数应用日志同步进程即可。
SELECT to_char(f.group#) groupno, to_char(l.thread#) thread, f.member member, f.type redo_file_type, l.status group_status, f.status member_status, l.bytes/1024/1024 bytes, l.archived archived
FROM v$logfile f, v$log l WHERE f.group# = l.group# ORDER BY f.group#, f.member;SQL>
SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 2
Group Thread Member Redo Type Group Status Member Status Size(M) Archived
------ ------ -------------------- ---------- ------------ --------------- -------- ----------
1 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
2 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
3 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
4 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES
1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES
5 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
7 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
8 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
9 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
2 +编程客栈JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
10 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES
2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES
24 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;
Database altered.
SQL> show parameter standby_file_management
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------standby_file_management string manual
SQL>
SQL> select inst_id,GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,USED,ARCHIVED,STATUS from gv$standby_log;
INST_ID GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# USED Archived STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
1 11 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
1 12 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
1 13 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
1 14 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
1 15 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
alter database drop logfile group 11;
alter database drop logfile group 12;
alter database drop logfile group 13;
alter database drop logfile group 14;
alter database drop logfile group 15;
ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE THREAD 1 ('+JIEKER_DATA','+JIEKER_ARCH') SIZE 4G;
ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE THREAD 1 ('+JIEKER_DATA','+JIEKER_ARCH') SIZE 4G;
ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE THREAD 1 ('+JIEKER_DATA','+JIEKER_ARCH') SIZE 4G;
ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE THREAD 1 ('+JIEKER_DATA','+JIEKER_ARCH') SIZE 4G;
ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE THREAD 1 ('+JIEKER_DATA','+JIEKER_ARCH') SIZE 4G;
SQL> select inst_id,GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,USED,ARCHIVED编程客栈,STATUS from gv$standby_log;
INST_ID GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# USED Archived STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
1 6 1 4797 3026358272 YES ACTIVE
1 11 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
1 12 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
1 13 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
1 14 1 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO' scope=both sid='*';
SQL> alter database open;
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
找到最终问题所在
完成重建后，本以为已经万事大吉了，但一开库应用日志却发现后台日志中所有 redolog 日志组都被清理了。这才意识到问题的根源所在，立马查看了路径相关的参数发现 db_create_online_log_dest 参数设置错误，导致创建出了错误的磁盘组。
jiekeadg:/home/oracle(jiekexu)>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Mar 3 10:52:04 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> show parameter db_create_online_log_dest_ NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_create_online_log_dest_1 string +JIEKE_DATA db_create_online_log_dest_2 string +JIEKE_DATA db_create_online_log_dest_3 string db_create_online_log_dest_4 string db_create_online_log_dest_5 string SQL> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_1='+JIEKER_DATA' scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_2='+JIEKER_DATA' scope=spfile; System altered.
但是现在修改完参数所有的日志组成员也都出现在错误的磁盘组了，因为有了当前日志组 4、10 占用了，重建日志组也行不通，故只能再次重建备库控制文件了。以上主库备份控制文件传到备库恢复的过程再来一遍即可。
SELECT to_char(f.group#) groupno, to_char(l.thread#) thread, f.member member, f.type redo_file_type, l.status group_status, f.status member_status, l.bytes/1024/1024 bytes, l.archived archived FROM v$logfile f, v$log l WHERE f.group# = l.group# ORDER BY f.group#gaMLv, f.member;SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 2 Group Thread Member Redo Type Group Status Member Status Size(M) Archived ------ ------ -------------------- ---------- ------------ --------------- -------- ---------- 1 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 2 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 3 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 4 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES 5 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 1 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 7 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 8 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 9 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 10 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CURRENT INVALID 4,096 YES 24 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 2 +JIEKE_DATA ONLINE CLEARING INVALID 4,096 YES 20 rows selected.
最终激活备库
再一次重建后正常恢复同步，然后关闭实例启动到 mount 状态，激活 ADG 备库，重启验证即可。
SQL> shu immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1.0689E+11 bytes Fixed Size 2265864 bytes Variable Size 4.2144E+10 bytes Database Buffers 6.4425E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 323678208 bytes Database mounted. SQL> SQL> ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> select DATABASE_ROLE from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE -------------------------------- PRIMARY SQL> shu immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1.0689E+11 bytes Fixed Size 2265864 bytes Variable Size 4.2144E+10 bytes Database Buffers 6.4425E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 323678208 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> exit
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