If null use other variable in one line in PHP

Is there in PHP something similar to开发者_运维问答 JavaScript's:

alert(test || 'Hello');

So, when test is undefined or null we'll see Hello, otherwise - we'll see the value of test.

I tried similar syntax in PHP but it doesn't seem to be working right... Also I've got no idea how to google this problem..

thanks

Edit

I should probably add that I wanted to use it inside an array:

$arr = array($one || 'one?', $two || 'two?'); //This is wrong

But indeed, I can use the inline '? :' if statement here as well, thanks.

$arr = array(is_null($one) ? "one?" : $one, is_null($two) ? "two ?" : $two); //OK

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you can do echo $test ?: 'hello';

This will echo $test if it is true and 'hello' otherwise.

Note it will throw a notice or strict error if $test is not set but...

This shouldn't be a problem since most servers are set to ignore these errors. Most frameworks have code that triggers these errors.

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Edit: This is a classic Ternary Operator, but with the middle part left out. Available since PHP 5.3.

echo $test ? $test : 'hello'; // this is the same
echo $test ?: 'hello';        // as this one

This only checks for the truthiness of the first variable and not if it is undefined, in which case it triggers the E_NOTICE error. For the latter, check the PHP7 answer below (soon hopefully above).

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From PHP 7 onwards you can use something called a coalesce operator which does exactly what you want without the E_NOTICE that ?: triggers.

To use it you use ?? which will check if the value on the left is set and not null.

$arr = array($one ?? 'one?', $two ?? 'two?'); 

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See @Yamiko's answer below for a PHP7 solution https://stackoverflow.com/a/29217577/140413

 echo (!$test) ? 'hello' : $test;

Or you can be a little more robust and do this

echo isset($test) ? $test : 'hello'; 

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As per the latest version use this for the shorthand

$var = $value ?? "secondvalue";

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One-liner. Super readable, works for regular variables, arrays and objects.

// standard variable string
$result = @$var_str ?: "default";

// missing array element
$result = @$var_arr["missing"] ?: "default";

// missing object member
$result = @$var_obj->missing ?: "default";

See it in action: Php Sandbox Demo

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I'm very surprised this isn't suggested in the other answers:

echo isset($test) ? $test : 'hello';

From the docs isset($var) will return false if $var doesn't exist or is set to null.

The null coalesce operator from PHP 7 onwards, described by @Yamiko, is a syntax shortcut for the above.

In this case:

echo $test ?? 'hello'; 

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If you want to create an array this way, array_map provides a more concise way to do this (depending on the number of elements in the array):

function defined_map($value, $default) {
    return (!isset($value) || is_null($value)) ? $default : $value;
    // or return $value ? $default : $value;
}

$values = array($one, $two);
$defaults = array('one', 'two');

$values = array_map('defined_map', $values, $defaults);

Just make sure you know which elements evaluate to false so you can apply the right test.

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Since php7.4, you can use the null coalescing assignment, so that you can do

$arr = array($one ??= "one?", $two ??= "two ?");

See the docs here

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There may be a better way, but this is the first thing that came to my mind:

 echo (!$test) ? "Hello" : $test;

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Null is false in PHP, therefore you can use ternary:

alert($test ? $test : 'Hello');

Edit:

This also holds for an empty string, since ternary uses the '===' equality rather than '=='

And empty or null string is false whether using the '===' or '==' operator. I really should test my answers first.

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Well, expanding that notation you supplied means you come up with:

if (test) {
    alert(test);
} else {
    alert('Hello');
}

So it's just a simple if...else construct. In PHP, you can shorten simple if...else constructs as something called a 'ternary expression':

alert($test ? $test : 'Hello');

Obviously there is no equivalent to the JS alert function in PHP, but the construct is the same.

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alert((test == null || test == undefined)?'hello':test);

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I recently had the very same problem.This is how i solved it:

<?php if (empty($row['test'])) {
                    echo "Not Provided";} 
                        else {
                    echo $row['test'];}?></h5></span></span>
              </div>

Your value in the database is in variable $test..so if $test row is empty then echo Not Provided