Why doesn't the selector h3:nth-child(1):contains('a') work?

I check this selector:

h3:nth-child(1):contains('a') 

selector doesn't work?

I check this in firefinder and does return nothing (not info that there is zero elements)

Then check this:

h3:nth-child(1)

and it returns h3, so selector is alm开发者_JAVA技巧ost good, but something with this(h3 has text 'a') text goes wrong.

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:contains() is not was going to be a CSS3 selector (thanks T.J. Crowder for the link), but it didn't make it, most likely because the way it works tends to lead to severe performance and over-selection issues. For example, if an element E matches :contains() for a given string argument, then all of its ancestors would also match; using it with a universal selector would lead to unexpected results with certain style properties, on top of being slow for the browser.

There is no other CSS selector that serves a purpose like :contains(). So you'll have to find some other way, either by modifying your HTML or even by using jQuery's :contains(), to achieve the effect you want:

Select an h3 element
if it is the first child of its parent
and its text contains the letter 'a'.

For jQuery and Selenium RC users: :contains() is implemented in the Sizzle selector engine used by jQuery, which is also used in Selenium RC (but not Selenium WebDriver). It works as described in this decade-old revision of the CSS3 spec, but again, due to how the spec describes it, you need to use it with care or it may lead to unexpected selections.

On a final note, h3:nth-child(1) can be replaced with h3:first-child, which as a CSS2 selector has better browser support.

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If you're trying to use :contains(a) to find an anchor tag (rather than the letter A), you could use:

h3:nth-child(1) a

or

h3:first-child a

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The :contains() pseudo-class isn't in the CSS Spec and is not supported by either Firefox or Chrome.

You can find a couple of detailed discussion in:

• selenium.common.exceptions.InvalidSelectorException with "span:contains('string')"
• Finding link using text in CSS Selector is not working

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Solution

As a solution you have to drop the contains() part and your effective locator will be:

h3:nth-child(1)

Further as @BoltClock mentioned within his answer, you can also use:

h3:first-child

As an alternative, you can also use:

h3:first-of-type

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tl; dr

• selenium.common.exceptions.InvalidSelectorException with "span:contains('string')"
• Finding link using text in CSS Selector is not working