Invert bitmap colors

I have the following problem. I have a charting program, and it's design is black, but the charts (that I get from the server as images) are light (it actually uses only 5 colors: red, green, white, black and gray).

To fit with the design inversion does a good job, the only problem is that red and green are inverted also (green -> pink, red -> green).

Is there a way to invert everything except those 2 colors, or a way to repaint those colors after inversion? And how costly are those operations (since I get the chart updates pretty often)?

Thanks in advance :)开发者_JAVA百科

UPDATE

I tried replacing colors with setPixel method in a loop

for(int x = 0 ;x < chart.getWidth();x++) {
        for(int y = 0;y < chart.getHeight();y++) {
            final int replacement = getColorReplacement(chart.getPixel(x, y));
            if(replacement != 0) {
                chart.setPixel(x, y, replacement);
            }
        }
    }

Unfortunetely, the method takes too long (~650ms), is there a faster way to do it, and will setPixels() method work faster?

---

Manipulating a bitmap is much faster if you copy the image data into an int array by calling getPixels only once, and don't call any function inside the loop. Just manipulate the array, then call setPixels at the end.

Something like that:

int length = bitmap.getWidth()*bitmap.getHeight();
int[] array = new int[length];
bitmap.getPixels(array,0,bitmap.getWidth(),0,0,bitmap.getWidth(),bitmap.getHeight());
for (int i=0;i<length;i++){
// If the bitmap is in ARGB_8888 format
  if (array[i] == 0xff000000){
    array[i] = 0xffffffff;
  } else if ...
  }
}
bitmap.setPixels(array,0,bitmap.getWidth(),0,0,bitmap.getWidth(),bitmap.getHeight());

---

If you have it available as BufferedImage, you can access its raster and edit it as you please.

WritableRaster raster = my_image.getRaster();

// Edit all the pixels you wanna change in the raster (green -> red, pink -> green)
// for (x,y) in ...
// raster.setPixel(x, y, ...) 

my_image.setData(raster);

---

OK seen that you're really only using 5 colors it's quite easy.

Regarding performances, I don't know about Android but I can tell you that in Java using setRGB is amazingly slower than getting back the data buffer and writing directly in the int[].

When I write "amazingly slower", to give you an idea, on OS X 10.4 the following code:

for ( int x = 0; x < width; x++ ) {
    for ( int y = 0; y < height; y++ ) {
        img.setRGB(x,y,0xFFFFFFFF);
    }
}

can be 100 times (!) slower than:

for ( int x = 0; x < width; x++ ) {
    for ( int y = 0; y < height; y++ ) {
        array[y*width+x] = 0xFFFFFFFF;
    }
}

You read correctly: one hundred time. Measured on a Core 2 Duo / Mac Mini / OS X 10.4.

(of course you need to first get access to the underlying int[] array but hopefully this shouldn't be difficult)

I cannot stress enough that the problem ain't the two for loops: in both cases it's the same unoptimized for loops. So it's really setRGB that is the issue here.

I don't know it works on Android, but you probably should get rid of setRGB if you want something that performs well.

---

A quick way would be to use AvoidXfermode to repaint just those colors you want changed - you could then switch between any colors you want. You just need to do something like this:

// will change red to green
Paint change1 = new Paint();
change1.setColor(Color.GREEN);
change1.setXfermode(new AvoidXfermode(Color.RED, 245, AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET));

Canvas c = new Canvas();
c.setBitmap(chart);
c.drawRect(0, 0, width, height, change1);

// rinse, repeat for other colors

You may need to play with the tolerance for the AvoidXfermode, but that should do what you want a lot faster than a per-pixel calculation. Also, make sure your chart image is in ARGB8888 mode. By default, Android tends to work with images in RGB565 mode, which tends to mess up color calculations like you want to use - to be sure, you can make sure your image is both in ARGB8888 mode and mutable by calling Bitmap chart = chartFromServer.copy(Config.ARGB_8888, true); before you setup the Xfermode.

Clarification: to change other colors, you wouldn't have to re-load the images all over again, you would just have to create other Paints with the appropriate colors you want changed like so:

// changes green to red
Paint change1 = new Paint();
change1.setColor(Color.GREEN);
change1.setXfermode(new AvoidXfermode(Color.RED, 245, AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET));

// changes white to blue
Paint change2 = new Paint();
change2.setColor(Color.BLUE);
change2.setXfermode(new AvoidXfermode(Color.WHITE, 245, AvoidXfermode.Mode.TARGET));

// ... other Paints with other changes you want to apply to this image

Canvas c = new Canvas();
c.setBitmap(chart);
c.drawRect(0, 0, width, height, change1);
c.drawRect(0, 0, width, height, change2);
//...
c.drawRect(0, 0, width, height, changeN);