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Is there a command-line Unix tool that will format/indent/prettify source code in different languages? I'm especially interested in Java, JavaScript, PHP, and XML, but ideally it would handle others.

(I'm not looking for something to generate syntax-highlighting markup; I already know of a few tools that do that.)

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Artistic Style. http://astyle.sourceforge.net/

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If you have set your auto-formatting options as project-specific settings in Eclipse, you can do something like:

/opt/local/eclipse/eclipse -nosplash
-application org.eclipse.jdt.core.JavaCodeFormatter
-verbose
-config .settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
src/ tests/ doc/examples/

This means that you practically install and configure Eclipse for this purpose if only for using it's autoformatting features, regardless of what editor you use normally. :)

Source: http://blogs.operationaldynamics.com/andrew/software/java-gnome/eclipse-code-format-from-command-line

Additional Notes

On Mac OS X:

/Applications/eclipse/java-oxygen/Eclipse.app/Contents/MacOS/eclipse  -nosplash -application org.eclipse.jdt.core.JavaCodeFormatter -verbose -config ~/my-eclipse-workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.runtime/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs MyClass.java

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I've always found Vim's code formatter a great option. It is aware of many languages and can be reasonably customized.

You can pipe the relevant commands into vim like this:

vim MyClass.java <<< gg=G:wq

Explanation:

• gg=G formats the file
• :wq saves the file and returns to the command prompt

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Check out indent and enscript.

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Vim generally has automatic syntax highlighting and is available on most Unix-based systems when you install. For formatting and indentation in Vim I use the :set autoindent and :set tabstop=4 automatically when I start it. autoindent keeps the current indentation you are at when you start a new line, and tabstop sets how much your code is indented when you press tab (only for indentation, for tab in general use shiftwidth). To have these options configured whenever you start Vim put them in a ~/.vimrc file.

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For XML and HTML I have used htb.

If you are an Eclipse user then JTidy is another option.

For Java there is Jalopy.

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So, I bring to your attention Style Revisor, source code formatter with GUI and command-line interface. It will be support different languages, include JavaScript and PHP. If you're interested in command-line usage - you can define your own formatting style as addon. Of course, you can also use many predefined styles. Example:

./Style\ Revisor --lang=PHP --style=GNU --path=~/to-your-project-root-dir

Currently, Style Revisor supports two languages: C and Objective-C. Welcome: http://style-revisor.com/

Sincerely.