Clearing terminal in Linux with C++ code

Okay, I have been researching on how to do this, but say I am running a program that has a whole bit of output on the terminal, how would I clear the screen from within my program so that I can keep my program running?

I know I can just type clear in terminal and it clears it fine, but like I said, for this program it 开发者_C百科would be more beneficial for me.

I found something that works, however, I'm not sure what it is or what it is doing.

cout << "\033[2J\033[1;1H";

That works but I have no clue what it is, if you could explain it, than I would much appreciate it.

---

These are ANSI escape codes. The first one (\033[2J) clears the entire screen (J) from top to bottom (2). The second code (\033[1;1H) positions the cursor at row 1, column 1.

All ANSI escapes begin with the sequence ESC[, have zero or more parameters delimited by ;, and end with a command letter (J and H in your case). \033 is the C-style octal sequence for the escape character.

See here for the full roadshow.

---

Instead of depending on specific escape sequences that may break in unexpected situations (though accepting that trade-off is fine, if it's what you want), you can just do the same thing you'd do at your shell:

std::system("clear");

Though generally system() is to be avoided, for a user-interactive program neither the extra shell parsing nor process overhead is significant. There's no problem with shell escaping either, in this case.

You could always fork/exec to call clear if you did want to avoid system(). If you're already using [n]curses or another terminal library, use that.

---

For portability you should get the string from termcap's cl (clear) capability (Clear screen and cursor home). (Or use std::system("clear") as told by Roger Pate).

man 3 termcap (in ncurses)
man 5 termcap
set | grep TERMCAP

---

you can write in a terminal "clear > data" and read in data the escapes sequance

0x1B[H0x1B[2J0x1B[3J

so

std::cout << "\033[H\033[2J\033[3J" ;