Adding constraints is DDL or DML

Adding constraints in sql server comes under which category 开发者_如何转开发DML or DDL?

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DDL, as you're defining the relationships between tables, not modifying the data stored in them.

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DDL, since they alter the structure rather than the data.

For example: Referential integrity statements

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Constraints must be DDL statements.Let's prove it. Create two tables A and B as follows:

create table A ( id int primary key );

create table B ( id int, foreign key id references A(id) );

Now, let's try to insert some data in table A, and then table B.

INSERT into A values (1);

INSERT into B values (1);

Now, try to run TRUNCATE A; It will give Foreign Key Constraint Fail error. It means that Constraints are applied on schema of tables, hence DDL statements.