Override Hibernate Annotations

I am developing a Java Application that uses Hibernate and is connected to an Oracle instance. Another client is looking to use the same application, but requires it run on MS SQL Server. I would like to avoid making changes to the existing annotations and instead create a package of xml files that we can drop in depending on the environment.

One way to do this is using JPA XML configuration to override the existing class annotations. However, JPA does not support generic generators, which is a requirement due to the structure of our legacy database. The other way that I am looking into is to use Hibernate XML configs to remap entire classes and have access to the generator xml tag. This solution has some issues though:

• Hibernate does not allow you to selectively override entity members
• Hibernate does not allow you to re-map the same class (e.g. org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Use of the same entity name twice)

Does anyone have any experience with overriding annotations using Hibernate XML Configuration files or is JPA the only way to go?

Update with an Example

In Oracle, Sequences are used to generate unique IDs when inserting new records into the database. An id would then be annotated in the following manner:

@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="EXAMPLE_ID_GEN", strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
@SequenceGenerator(name="EXAMPLE_ID_GEN", sequenceName="SEQ_EXAMPLE_ID")
@Column(name = "EXAMPLE_ID")
public String getExampleId() {
    return this.exampleId;
}

However, MS SQL Server does not have the concept of Sequences (Ideological differences). Therefore, you could use a table generator to simulate sequences.

@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="EXAMPLE_ID_GEN", strategy=GenerationType.TABLE)
@TableGenerator(name="EXAMPLE_ID_GEN", tableName="SEQUENCE", valueColumnName="VALUE", pkColumnName="SEQUENCE", pkColumnValue="EXAMPLE_ID")
public String getExampleId() {
    return this.exampleId;
}

Two different configurations for two different types of databases. Keep in mind that this is a legacy database and that we aren't going to rewrite our application to support SQL Server identities, the native id generator for SQL Server (which would also require a different annotation).

To alleviate this, I have looked into using Hibernate's @GenericGenerator and point it to a class of my own creation that models org.hibernate.id.SequenceGenerator (or something similar) and also customize the structure of the table by extending org.hibernate.id.TableStructure.

Back to my original question - is any of this possible with an XML override?

How I Solved this Problem

So, in the end, I found that JPA and Hibernate did not provide the out-of-box functionality that I was looking for. Instead, I created a custom generator that checked the database dialect and set the TableStructure appropriately. As I explored all options, I ended up using Hibernate's @GenericGenerator annotation. This is an example of the Id generation annotation:

@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="EXAMPLE_ID_GEN")
@GenericGenerator(name = "EXAMPLE_ID_GEN", strategy="com.my.package.CustomIdGenerator", par开发者_JS百科ameters = {
        @Parameter(name = "parameter_name", value="parameter_value")
})
public String getExampleId() {
    return this.exampleId;
}

This solution necessitates that each Hibernate entity be modified with the new Id generator.

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I think that if you don't use AnnotationConfiguration when configuring your SessionFactory, the annotations will be omitted.

So, use Configuration.

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For your generator problem (for which the solution would normally be "use the native generator" but doesn't work for you due to working with a legacy db), you could probably extend the SQLServerDialect and override the getNativeIdentifierGeneratorClass to return a (possibly custom) generator that does what you need for your legacy db.

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I have come across the need to mix-n-match legacy with new schemas/databases before in a Grails (GORM) application, which of course is running Hibernate 3 underneath.

Would not say "you're doing it wrong" - but I would keep the JPA @Annotations to the very basics like @Entity and @Column and leave it to the Hibernate dialect, which is also specified in the XML configuration file.

You might experiment with subclassing the Oracle10gDialect with one that assigns a sequence generator to all tables, versus a Sybase one which does not.

Please see this post on how to implement this.

UPDATE: What james and I are suggesting (almost in the same minute) is to setup multiple persistence-unit sections of your persistence.xml file.

This allows one to use @Entity and @Id without supplying details in the class. The details come in the hibernate.dialect property. I suggested subclassing Oracle10gDialect (and james the SQLServerDialect) - those would do the choosing as to the table naming, id generator strategy, etc.

See --> https://forum.hibernate.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=993012

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If you rewrite the annotations in HBM XML files, you could maintain two sets of such XML and pick which ones to use via Hibernate's mapping directives. I've done this in Hibernate Core, but not in a J2EE/JPA environment so I don't know if there are any gotchas in that respect.

The biggest downside is it likely will be a lot of work to remove all your annotations and rebuild them in XML.

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I would say that if your annotations are database specific, you're doing it wrong.

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In my case:

Rack and Slot are entities having custom ID Generators. I am using unidirectional one-to-one mapping. Dimension table will hold the data with a Autogenerated Custom ID as foreign key for multiple tables (Rack and Slot for example here). And my schema looks like this : Rack ------> Dimension <-----------Slot where Dimension will hold the data for Rack and Slot table with Generated ID.

Here the concern is that when i am saving the data like this:-

Rack rack = new Rack(params);
Dimension dim = new Dimension(params);
rack.setDimension(dim);
session.save(rack);

Data is being saved successfully with same Autogenerated ID in Rack and Dimension Tables.

But when I am saving the data for Slot table :

Slot Slot = new Slot(params);
Dimension dim = new Dimension(params);
slot.setDimension(dim);
session.save(slot);

it is showing error message as:-

attempted to assign id from null one-to-one property: rack

Can I pass the dynamic property name as "slot" when saving the data for Slot and Dimension and "rack" when saving the data for Rack and Dimension.

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@GenericGenerator(name = "foreign", strategy = "foreign", parameters = {
    @Parameter(name = "property", value = "slot"),
    @Parameter(name = "property", value = "rack")})

Rack.java

@Entity
@Table(name="tablename")
@GenericGenerator(name = "customseq", strategy = "CustomIdGenerator")
public class Rack {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(generator = "customseq")
  @Column(name = "uni_id")
  private String id;
  @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
  @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
  private Dimension dimension;
  // Getters and Setters
}

Slot.java

@Entity
@Table(name="tablename")
@GenericGenerator(name = "customseq", strategy = "CustomIdGenerator")
public class Rack {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "customseq")
    @Column(name = "uni_id")
    private String id;
    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
    private Dimension dimension;
    // Getters and Setters
}

Dimension.java

public class Dimension implements Serializable{
  @Id
  @Column(name = "systemid")
  @GeneratedValue(generator = "foreign")
  @GenericGenerator(name = "foreign", strategy = "foreign", parameters = {
    @Parameter(name = "property", value = "slot"),
    @Parameter(name = "property", value = "rack")})
  private String systemid;

  @OneToOne(mappedBy = "dimension", fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
  @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
  private Rack rack;
  @OneToOne(mappedBy = "dimension", fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
  @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
  private Slot slot;
  // Getters and Setters
}