WPF Dispatcher executing multiple execution paths

Ok, so I found something weird over the weekend. I have a WPF app that spawns off some threads to perform background work. Those background threads then Post work items to my Synchronization Context. This is all working fine except for one case. When my threads finish sometimes they will post an action onto the dispatcher that will open up a Popup window. What ends up happening is that if 2 threads both post an action on the Dispatcher it starts processing one, then if I open up a Popup window with Window.ShowDialog(); the current execution path pauses waiting for feedback from the dialog box as it should. But the problem arises that when the dialog box opens the Dispatcher then goes and starts immediately starts running the second action that was posted. This results in two code paths being executed. The first one with a message box being held open, while the second one is running wild because my application state is unknown because the first action never completed.

I've posted some example code to demonstrate the behavior I'm talking about. What should happen is that if I post 2 actions and the 1st one opens up a dialog box the second action shouldn't run until after the 1st action has been completed.

public partial class Window1 : Window {

    private SynchronizationContext syncContext;
    public Window1() {
        InitializeComponent();
        syncContext = SynchronizationContext.Current;
    }

    private void Button_ClickWithout(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
开发者_如何学C        // Post an action on the thread pool with the syncContext
        ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(BackgroundCallback, syncContext);
    }

    private void BackgroundCallback(object data) {
        var currentContext = data as SynchronizationContext;

        System.Console.WriteLine("{1}: Thread {0} started", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, currentContext);

        // Simulate work being done
        Thread.Sleep(3000);

        currentContext.Post(UICallback, currentContext);

        System.Console.WriteLine("{1}: Thread {0} finished", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, currentContext);
    }

    private void UICallback(object data) {
        System.Console.WriteLine("{1}: UI Callback started on thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, data);

        var popup = new Popup();

        var result = popup.ShowDialog();

        System.Console.WriteLine("{1}: UI Callback finished on thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, data);
    }
}

The XAML is just a Window with a button that calls Button_ClickWithout OnClick. If you push the button twice and wait 3 seconds, you will see you get 2 dialogs popping up one over the other, where the expected behavior would be the first one pops up, then once it's closed the second one will pop up.

So my question is: Is this a bug ? or how do I mitigate this so I can have only one action be processed at a time when the first action halts execution with a Window.ShowDialog() ?

Thanks, Raul

---

As I'm awaiting an answer on my question (Advice on using the Dispatcher Priority and Binding) I thought that would pay-it-forward™.

What you are experiencing is Nested Pumping on the Dispatcher. I recommend reading the MSDN article on the WPF Threading Model, especially the section titled 'Technical Details and Stumbling Points' that is two-thirds down the page. The sub-section describing the Nested Pumping is copied below for convenience.

Nested Pumping

Sometimes it is not feasible to completely lock up the UI thread. Let’s consider the Show method of the MessageBox class. Show doesn’t return until the user clicks the OK button. It does, however, create a window that must have a message loop in order to be interactive. While we are waiting for the user to click OK, the original application window does not respond to user input. It does, however, continue to process paint messages. The original window redraws itself when covered and revealed.

Some thread must be in charge of the message box window. WPF could create a new thread just for the message box window, but this thread would be unable to paint the disabled elements in the original window (remember the earlier discussion of mutual exclusion). Instead, WPF uses a nested message processing system. The Dispatcher class includes a special method called PushFrame, which stores an application’s current execution point then begins a new message loop. When the nested message loop finishes, execution resumes after the original PushFrame call.

In this case, PushFrame maintains the program context at the call to MessageBox.Show, and it starts a new message loop to repaint the background window and handle input to the message box window. When the user clicks OK and clears the pop-up window, the nested loop exits and control resumes after the call to Show.

---

A modal dialog box does not prevent the owner window from processing messages, otherwise you'd see it fail to redraw as the modal dialog was moved over its surface (just as an example).

In order to achieve what you want, you have to implement your own queue on the UI thread, possibly with some synchronization to "wake it up" when the first work item arrives.

EDIT:

Also if you examine the call stack of the UI thread while the 2nd modal dialog box is up, you might find out that it has the first ShowDialog call above it in the stack.

EDIT #2:

There might be an easier way of doing this, without implementing your own queue. If instead of the SynchronizationContext, you would use the Dispatcher object, you would be able to call BeginInvoke on it with a priority of DispatcherPriority.Normal, and it will get queued properly (check).