Triangulation & Direct linear transform

Following Hartley/Zisserman's Multiview Geometery, Algorithm 12: The optimal triangulation method (p318), I got the corresponding image points xhat1 and xhat2 (step 10). In step 11, one needs to compute the 3D point 开发者_Go百科Xhat. One such method is Direct Linear Transform (DLT), mentioned in 12.2 (p312) and 4.1 (p88).

The homogenous method (DLT), p312-313, states that it finds a solution as the unit singular vector corresponding to the smallest singular value of A, thus,

A = [xhat1(1) * P1(3,:)' - P1(1,:)' ;
      xhat1(2) * P1(3,:)' - P1(2,:)' ;
      xhat2(1) * P2(3,:)' - P2(1,:)' ;
      xhat2(2) * P2(3,:)' - P2(2,:)' ];

[Ua Ea Va] = svd(A);
Xhat = Va(:,end);

plot3(Xhat(1),Xhat(2),Xhat(3), 'r.');

However, A is a 16x1 matrix, resulting in a Va that is 1x1.

What am I doing wrong (and a fix) in getting the 3D point?

For what its worth sample data:

xhat1 =

  1.0e+009 *

    4.9973
   -0.2024
    0.0027


xhat2 =

  1.0e+011 *

    2.0729
    2.6624
    0.0098


P1 =

  699.6674         0  392.1170         0
         0  701.6136  304.0275         0
         0         0    1.0000         0


P2 =

  1.0e+003 *

   -0.7845    0.0508   -0.1592    1.8619
   -0.1379    0.7338    0.1649    0.6825
   -0.0006    0.0001    0.0008    0.0010


A =    <- my computation

  1.0e+011 *

   -0.0000
         0
    0.0500
         0
         0
   -0.0000
   -0.0020
         0
   -1.3369
    0.2563
    1.5634
    2.0729
   -1.7170
    0.3292
    2.0079
    2.6624

Update Working code for section xi in algorithm

% xi
A = [xhat1(1) * P1(3,:) - P1(1,:) ;
     xhat1(2) * P1(3,:) - P1(2,:) ;
     xhat2(1) * P2(3,:) - P2(1,:) ;
     xhat2(2) * P2(3,:) - P2(2,:) ];

A(1,:) = A(1,:)/norm(A(1,:));
A(2,:) = A(2,:)/norm(A(2,:));
A(3,:) = A(3,:)/norm(A(3,:));
A(4,:) = A(4,:)/norm(A(4,:));

[Ua Ea Va] = svd(A);
X = Va(:,end);
X = X / X(4);   % 3D Point

---

As is mentioned in the book (sec 12.2), p^{i T} are the rows of P. Therefore, you don't need to transpose P1(k,:) (i.e. the right formulation is A = [xhat1(1) * P1(3,:) - P1(1,:) ; ...).

I hope that was just a typo.

Additionally, it is recommended to normalize each row of A with its L2 norm, i.e. for all i

A(i,:) = A(i,:)/norm(A(i,:));

And if you want to plot the triangulated 3D points, you have to normalize Xhat before plotting (its meaningless otherwise), i.e.

Xhat = Xhat/Xhat(4);

---

A(1,:) = A(1,:)/norm(A(1,:));
A(2,:) = A(2,:)/norm(A(2,:));
A(3,:) = A(3,:)/norm(A(3,:));
A(4,:) = A(4,:)/norm(A(4,:));

Could be simplified as A = normr(A).