How to convert PDF to low-resolution (but good quality) JPEG?

When I use the following ghostscript command to generate jpg thumbnails from PDFs, the image quality is often very poor:

gs -q -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -sDEVICE=jpeggray -g465x600 -dUseCropBox -dPDFFitPage -sOutputFile=pdf_to_lowres.jpg test.pdf

By contrast, if I use ghostscript to generate a high-resolution png, and then use mogrify to convert the high-res png to a low-res jpg, I get pretty good results.

gs -q -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -sDEVICE=pnggray -g2550x3300 -dUseCropBox -dPDFFitPage -sOutputFile=pdf_to_highres.png 开发者_如何转开发test.pdf
mogrify -thumbnail 465x600 -format jpg -write pdf_to_highres_to_lowres.jpg pdf_to_highres.png

Is there any way to achieve good results while bypassing the intermediate pdf -> high-res png step? I need to do this for a large number of pdfs, so I'm trying to minimize the compute time.

Here are links to the images referenced above:

1. test.pdf
2. pdf_to_lowres.jpg
3. pdf_to_highres.png
4. pdf_to_highres_to_lowres.jpg

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One option that seems to improve the output a lot: -dDOINTERPOLATE. Here's what I got by running the same command as you but with the -dDOINTERPOLATE option:

I'm not sure what interpolation method this uses but it seems pretty good, especially in comparison to the results without it.

P.S. Consider outputting PNG images (-sDEVICE=pnggray) instead of JPEG. For most PDF documents (which tend to have just a few solid colors) it's a more appropriate choice.

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Your PDF looks like it is just a wrapper around a jpeg already.

Try using the pdfimages program from xpdf to extract the actual image rather than rendering to a file.