I'm trying to send a multipart/related html email with embedded gif images. This email is generated using Oracle PL/SQL. My attempts have failed, with the image showing up as a red X (in Outlook 2007 and yahoo mail)
I've been sending html emails for some time, but my requirements are now to use several gif images in the email. I can store these on one of our web servers and just link to them, but many users email clients will not show them automatically and will need to either change settings or manually download them for each email.
So, my thoughts are to embed the image. My questions are:
- What am I doing wrong here?
- Is the embedding approach the correct one?
- Any other options if I need to use more and more images? Attachments won't work, as the images are typically logos and icons that won't make sense out of the context of the message. Also, some elements of the email are links into an online system, so generating a static PDF and attaching won't work (to my knowledge anyway).
snippet:
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: me@gmail.com
BCC: me@yahoo.com
From: email@yahoo.com
Subject: Test
Reply-To: email@yahoo.com
Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="a1b2c3d4e3f2g1"
--a1b2c3d4e3f2g1
开发者_运维百科content-type: text/html;
<html>
<head><title>My title</title></head>
<body>
<div style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri;">
<p><IMG SRC="cid:my_logo" alt="Logo"></p>
... more html here ...
</div></body></html>
--a1b2c3d4e3f2g1
Content-Type: image/gif;
Content-ID:<my_logo>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline
[base64 image data here]
--a1b2c3d4e3f2g1--
Many thanks.
BTW: Yes, I have verified that the base64 data is correct, as I can embed the image in the html itself (using same algo use for creating header data) and see image in Firefox/IE.
I should also note that this is NOT for spam, the emails are sent to specific clients who are expecting it daily. The content is data-driven, and not adverts.
Try to insert it directly, this way you can insert multiple images at various locations in the email.
<img src="data:image/jpg;base64,{{base64-data-string here}}" />
And to make this post usefully for others to: If you don't have a base64-data string, create one easily at: http://www.motobit.com/util/base64-decoder-encoder.asp from a image file.
Email source code looks something like this, but i really cant tell you what that boundary thing is for:
To: email@email.de
Subject: ...
Content-Type: multipart/related;
boundary="------------090303020209010600070908"
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------090303020209010600070908
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-15
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-15">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
<img src="cid:part1.06090408.01060107" alt="">
</body>
</html>
--------------090303020209010600070908
Content-Type: image/png;
name="moz-screenshot.png"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-ID: <part1.06090408.01060107>
Content-Disposition: inline;
filename="moz-screenshot.png"
[base64 image data here]
--------------090303020209010600070908--
//EDIT: Oh, i just realize if you insert the first code snippet from my post to write an email with thunderbird, thunderbird automatically changes the html code to look pretty much the same as the second code in my post.
The other solution is attaching the image as attachment and then referencing it html code using cid.
HTML Code:
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<img width=100 height=100 id="1" src="cid:Logo.jpg">
</body>
</html>
C# Code:
EmailMessage email = new EmailMessage(service);
email.Subject = "Email with Image";
email.Body = new MessageBody(BodyType.HTML, html);
email.ToRecipients.Add("abc@xyz.com");
string file = @"C:\Users\acv\Pictures\Logo.jpg";
email.Attachments.AddFileAttachment("Logo.jpg", file);
email.Attachments[0].IsInline = true;
email.Attachments[0].ContentId = "Logo.jpg";
email.SendAndSaveCopy();
I don't find any of the answers here useful, so I am providing my solution.
The problem is that you are using
multipart/relatedas the content type which is not good in this case. I am usingmultipart/mixedand inside itmultipart/alternative(it works on most clients).The message structure should be as follows:
[Headers] Content-type:multipart/mixed; boundary="boundary1" --boundary1 Content-type:multipart/alternative; boundary="boundary2" --boundary2 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-15 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit [HTML code with a href="cid:..."] --boundary2 Content-Type: image/png; name="moz-screenshot.png" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-ID: <part1.06090408.01060107> Content-Disposition: inline; filename="moz-screenshot.png" [base64 image data here] --boundary2-- --boundary1--
Then it will work
If it does not work, you may try one of these tools that convert the image to an HTML table (beware the size of your image though):
- http://stylecampaign.com/blog/2009/12/bypass-image-blocking-by-converting-images-to-html/
- http://neil.fraser.name/software/img2html/
I know this is an old post, but the current answers dont address the fact that outlook and many other email providers dont support inline images or CID images. The most effective way to place images in emails is to host it online and place a link to it in the email. For small email lists a public dropbox works fine. This also keeps the email size down.
Using Base64 to embed images in html is awesome. Nonetheless, please notice that base64 strings can make your email size big.
Therefore,
1) If you have many images, uploading your images to a server and loading those images from the server can make your email size smaller. (You can get a lot of free services via Google)
2) If there are just a few images in your mail, using base64 strings is definitely an awesome option.
Besides the choices provided by existing answers, you can also use a command to generate a base64 string on linux:
base64 test.jpg
For those who couldnt get one of these solutions working: Send inline image in email Following the steps laid out in the solution offered by @T30 i was able to get my inline image to display without being blocked by outlook (previous methods it was blocked). If you are using exchange like we are then also when doing:
service = new ExchangeService(ExchangeVersion);
service.AutodiscoverUrl("email@domain.com");
SmtpClient smtp = new SmtpClient(service.Url.Host);
you will need to pass it your exchange service url host. Other than that following this solution should allow you to easily send embedded imgages.
It may be of interest that both Outlook and Outlook Express can generate these multipart image email formats, if you insert the image files using the Insert / Picture menu function.
Obviously the email type must be set to HTML (not plain text).
Any other method (e.g. drag/drop, or any command-line invocation) results in the image(s) being sent as an attachment.
If you then send such an email to yourself, you can see how it is formatted! :)
FWIW, I am looking for a standalone windows executable which does inline images from the command line mode, but there seem to be none. It's a path which many have gone up... One can do it with say Outlook Express, by passing it an appropriately formatted .eml file.
You need 3 boundaries for inline images to be fully compliant.
Everything goes inside the
multipart/mixed.Then use the
multipart/relatedto contain yourmultipart/alternativeand your image attachment headers.Lastly, include your downloadable attachments inside the last boundary of
multipart/mixed.
There's actually a very good blog post that lists pro's and cons of three different approaches to this problem by Martyn Davies. You can read it at https://sendgrid.com/blog/embedding-images-emails-facts/.
I'd like to add a fourth approach using CSS background images.
Add
<div id="myImage"></div>
to your e-mail body and a css class like:
#myImage {
background-image: url('data:image/png;base64,iVBOR...[some more encoding]...rkggg==');
width: [the-actual-image-width];
height: [the-actual-image-height];
}
The following is working code with two ways of achieving this:
using System;
using Outlook = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook;
namespace ConsoleApp2
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Method1();
Method2();
}
public static void Method1()
{
Outlook.Application outlookApp = new Outlook.Application();
Outlook.MailItem mailItem = outlookApp.CreateItem(Outlook.OlItemType.olMailItem);
mailItem.Subject = "This is the subject";
mailItem.To = "john@example.com";
string imageSrc = "D:\\Temp\\test.jpg"; // Change path as needed
var attachments = mailItem.Attachments;
var attachment = attachments.Add(imageSrc);
attachment.PropertyAccessor.SetProperty("http://schemas.microsoft.com/mapi/proptag/0x370E001F", "image/jpeg");
attachment.PropertyAccessor.SetProperty("http://schemas.microsoft.com/mapi/proptag/0x3712001F", "myident"); // Image identifier found in the HTML code right after cid. Can be anything.
mailItem.PropertyAccessor.SetProperty("http://schemas.microsoft.com/mapi/id/{00062008-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}/8514000B", true);
// Set body format to HTML
mailItem.BodyFormat = Outlook.OlBodyFormat.olFormatHTML;
string msgHTMLBody = "<html><head></head><body>Hello,<br><br>This is a working example of embedding an image unsing C#:<br><br><img align=\"baseline\" border=\"1\" hspace=\"0\" src=\"cid:myident\" width=\"\" 600=\"\" hold=\" /> \"></img><br><br>Regards,<br>Tarik Hoshan</body></html>";
mailItem.HTMLBody = msgHTMLBody;
mailItem.Send();
}
public static void Method2()
{
// Create the Outlook application.
Outlook.Application outlookApp = new Outlook.Application();
Outlook.MailItem mailItem = (Outlook.MailItem)outlookApp.CreateItem(Outlook.OlItemType.olMailItem);
//Add an attachment.
String attachmentDisplayName = "MyAttachment";
// Attach the file to be embedded
string imageSrc = "D:\\Temp\\test.jpg"; // Change path as needed
Outlook.Attachment oAttach = mailItem.Attachments.Add(imageSrc, Outlook.OlAttachmentType.olByValue, null, attachmentDisplayName);
mailItem.Subject = "Sending an embedded image";
string imageContentid = "someimage.jpg"; // Content ID can be anything. It is referenced in the HTML body
oAttach.PropertyAccessor.SetProperty("http://schemas.microsoft.com/mapi/proptag/0x3712001E", imageContentid);
mailItem.HTMLBody = String.Format(
"<body>Hello,<br><br>This is an example of an embedded image:<br><br><img src=\"cid:{0}\"><br><br>Regards,<br>Tarik</body>",
imageContentid);
// Add recipient
Outlook.Recipient recipient = mailItem.Recipients.Add("john@example.com");
recipient.Resolve();
// Send.
mailItem.Send();
}
}
}
One additional hint to Pavel Perna's post which helped me very much (cannot comment with my reputation, that's why I post this as answer): In some versions of Microsoft Exchange, the inline contents disposition is removed (see this post by Microsoft). The image is simply not part in the mail the user sees in Outlook. As a workaround, use "Content-Disposition: attachement" instead. Outlook 2016 won't show images as attachement that are used in the mail message, although they use the "Content-Disposition: attachement".
Try to resolve that with Context.Request:
<img width="150" height="60" src="@($"{Context.Request.Scheme}://{Context.Request.Host}{Context.Request.PathBase}/images/logo.png")" />
In my situation, when I used Content-ID I had that image as an attachment as well, and that was not the best solution.
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