Stepwise description of file execution in Windows

What happens, at low-level (stepwise) when a program is executed in windows. In other words开发者_运维知识库 the processes that take place from clicking a file to actually reaching execution.

Are you aware of any resources that might cover this topic in-depth?

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I'd suggest reading this two part MSDN article on the Win32 Portable Executable file format. It describes all the different parts of the file which gives you a lot of information about what has to happen in order to load and run the executable file.

The Wikipedia page on the PE format also contains useful info.