Concatenate row-wise across specific columns of dataframe

I have a data frame with columns that, when concatenated (row-wise) as a string, would allow me to partition the data frame into a desired form.

> str(data)
'data.frame':   680420 obs. of  10 variables:
 $ A              : chr  "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ...
 $ B              : chr  "2011-01-26" "2011-01-27" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-10" ...
 $ C              : chr  "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ...
 $ D              : chr  "AAA" "AAA" "BCB" "CCC" ...
 $ E              : chr  "A00001" "A00002" "B00002" "B00001" ...
 $ F              : int  9 9 37 37 37 37 191 191 191 191 ...
 $ G              : int  NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
 $ H              : int  4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ...

For each row, I would like to concatenate the data in columns F, E, D, and C into a string (with the underscore character as separator). Below is my unsuccessful attempt at this:

data$id <- sapply(as.data.frame(cbind(data$F,data$E,data$D,data$C)), paste, sep="_")

And below is the undesired result:

  > str(data)
    'data.frame':   680420 obs. of  10 variables:
     $ A              : chr  "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ...
     $ B              : chr  "2011-01-26" "2011-01-27" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-10" ...
     $ C              : chr  "2011-01-26" "2011-01-26" "2011-02-09" "2011-02-09" ...
     $ D              : chr  "AAA" "AAA" "BCB" "CCC" ...
     $ E              : chr  "A00001" "A00002" "B00002" "B00001" ...
     $ F              : int  9 9 37 37 37 37 191 191 191 191 ...
     $ G              : int  NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
     $ H              : int  4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ...
     $ 开发者_如何学Cid             : chr [1:680420, 1:4] "9" "9" "37" "37" ...
      ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
      .. ..$ : NULL
      .. ..$ : chr  "V1" "V2" "V3" "V4"

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

---

Try

 data$id <- paste(data$F, data$E, data$D, data$C, sep="_")

instead. The beauty of vectorized code is that you do not need row-by-row loops, or loop-equivalent *apply functions.

Edit Even better is

 data <- within(data,  id <- paste(F, E, D, C, sep=""))

---

Use unite of tidyr package:

require(tidyr)
data <- data %>% unite(id, F, E, D, C, sep = '_')

First parameter is the desired name, all next up to sep - columns to concatenate.

---

Either stringr::str_c() or paste() will work.

require(stringr)
data <- within(data, str_c(F,E,D,C, sep="_")

or else

data <- within(data, paste(F,E,D,C, sep="_")

(stringr is better performance on large datasets)