Graphic of binary variable in R

I would like to plot a simple graphic. I have a dat set with n rowns and k columns, in which each row has a a sequence of 0 and 1. I would like to plot exactly this sequence for all rows.

Actually I want to reproduce the figure 24.1, p. 516, of Gelman and Hill's book (Data aAnalysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models). I suspect that he made the graphic in Latex, but it seems quite ridiculous that I'm not able to repplicate this simple graphic开发者_Go百科 in R. The figue is something like this. As you can see from the link, the "ones" are replaced by "S" and "zeros" by ".". It's a simple graphic, but it shows each individual response by time.

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I would go with a formatted text output using sprintf. Much cleaner and simpler. If you still want a plot, you could go with the following:

Given matrix tbl containing your data:

tbl <- matrix(data=rep(0:1,25), nrow=5)

You can generate a plot as:

plot(1, 1, xlim=c(1,dim(tbl)[2]+.5), ylim=c(0.5,dim(tbl)[1]), type="n")
lapply(1:dim(tbl)[1], function(x) {
  text(x=c(1:dim(tbl)[2]), y=rep(x,dim(tbl)[2]), labels=tbl[x,])
})

Using this as a base you can play around with the text and plot args to stylize the plot the way you wish.

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Here are two possible solutions, based on fake data generated with this helper function:

generate.data <- function(rate=.3, dim=c(25,25)) {
  tmp <- rep(".", prod(dim))
  tmp[sample(1:prod(dim), ceiling(prod(dim)*rate))] <- "S"
  m <- matrix(tmp, nr=dim[1], nc=dim[2])
  return(m)
}

1. Text-based output

   x <- generate.data()
   rownames(x) <- colnames(x) <- 1:25
   capture.output(as.table(x), file="res.txt")
   

   The file res.txt include a pretty-printed version of the console output; you can convert it to pdf using any txt to pdf converter (I use the one from PDFlib). Here is a screenshot of the text file:

   

2. Image-based output

   First, here is the plotting function I used:

   make.table <- function(x, labels=NULL) {
     # x = matrix
     # labels = list of labels for x and y
     coord.xy <- expand.grid(x=1:nrow(x), y=1:ncol(x))
     opar <- par(mar=rep(1,4), las=1)
     plot.new() 
     plot.window(xlim=c(0, ncol(x)), ylim=c(0, nrow(x)))
     text(coord.xy$x, coord.xy$y, c(x), adj=c(0,1)) 
     if (!is.null(labels)) {
       mtext(labels[[1]], side=3, line=-1, at=seq(1, ncol(x)), cex=.8)
       mtext(labels[[2]], side=2, line=-1, at=seq(1, nrow(x)), cex=.8, padj=1)
     }
     par(opar)
   }
   

   Then I call it as

   make.table(x, list(1:25, 1:25))
   

   and here is the result (save it as png, pdf, jpg, or whatever).

   

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As far as I can see, this is a text table. I am wondering why you want to make it a graph? Anyway, quick solutions are (either way)

1. make the text table (by programming or typing) and make its screenshot and embed the image into the plot.

2. make a blank plot and put the text on the plot by programming R with "text" function. For more info on "text", refer to http://cran.r-project.org/doc/contrib/Lemon-kickstart/kr_adtxt.html