What is the difference between putc and ungetc?

int ungetc(int c, FILE *fp) pushes the character c back into fp, and returns either c, or EOF for an error.

where as int putc(int c, FILE *fp) writes the ch开发者_如何学编程aracter c into the file fp and returns the character written, or EOF for an error.

//These are the statements from K&R. I find myself confused, because putc() can be used after getc and can work as ungetc. So whats the use in specifically defining ungetc().

---

putc writes something to output, so it appears on the screen or in the file to which you've redirected output.

ungetc put something back into the input buffer, so the next time you call getc (or fgetc, etc.) that's what you'll get.

You normally use putc to write output. You normally use ungetc when you're reading input, and the only way you know you've reached the end of something is when you read a character that can't be part of the current "something". E.g., you're reading and converting an integer, you continue until you read something other than a digit -- then you ungetc that non-digit character to be processed as the next something coming from the stream.

---

ungetc works with streams opened for read and doesn't modify the original file. putc works on streams opened for write and actually writes the byte to the file.

---

If you do ungetc on a stream fp, and then you do a getc again, you get back the same character you just put in. If you do putc the "stream moves on", and a subsequent getc will get whatever is after it, if there is anything... The getc and ungetc are used to "peek ahead" and put it back if there is some special case in handling characters e.g.