why this query is failing?

This is failing:

 INSERT INTO sportman
   (image) 
 VALUES
   ('/res/(1)(38).jpg') 
 WHERE sportman_code = '1';开发者_JAVA百科 

image is text and sportman_code is char(20).

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You do not need WHERE clause with INSERT query remove that part

 insert into sportman(image) values('/res/(1)(38).jpg')

if you are looking to update record use update query instead

UPDATE sportman
   SET image='/res/(1)(38).jpg'
 WHERE sportman_code = '1'; 

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I think you are looking for UPDATE instead

UPDATE sportman 
SET `image`='/res/(1)(38).jpg' 
WHERE sportman_code = '1';

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This query is failing because there's not supposed to be a WHERE clause on an INSERT statement.

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update sportman set image= '/res/(1)(38).jpg'  where sportman_code = '1'; 

you need a update query not insert query, if you are updating existing record.

Or

to insert new record

INSERT INTO sportman (image,sportman_code) 
VALUES ('/res/(1)(38).jpg', '1');

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Insert doesn't have a WHERE syntax.

Try this one:

INSERT INTO sportman 
            (image, 
             sportman_code) 
VALUES     ('/res/(1)(38).jpg', 
            '1'); 

Or do with an UPDATE query

UPDATE sportman 
SET    image = '/res/(1)(38).jpg' 
WHERE  sportman_code = '1';