CodeIgniter SQL query - how to sum values for each month?

I have the following table:

//table_1

record_id   user_id    plant_id    date        cost
1           1          1           2011-03-01   10
2           1          1           2011-03-02   10
3           1          1           2011-04-10   5
4           1          2           2011-04-15   5

I would like to build a query (if possible using CI Active Records, but MySQL is fine) in which I generate the following result:

[1] => [1] => [March 2011] [20]

           => [April 2011] [5]

       [2] => [March 2011] [0]

           => [April 2011] [5]

I have tried using $this->db->group_by but I think I'm not using it correctly.

开发者_如何学编程

If anyone could give me a pointer or roadmap to get this done it would be much appreciated -- thanks!

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Sample table

drop table if exists t;
create table t( record_id int, user_id int, plant_id int, date datetime, cost float);
insert t select
1 ,1, 1 ,'2011-03-01', 10 union all select
2 ,1, 1 ,'2011-03-02', 10 union all select
3 ,1, 1 ,'2011-04-10', 5 union all select
4 ,1, 2 ,'2011-04-15', 5;

Because you want to see the row with 0, you need to do a cross join between the year-month and all user-plants.

select up.user_id, up.plant_id, ym2, ifnull(sum(t.cost),0) totalcost
from (select distinct date_format(date, '%Y-%m') ym, date_format(date, '%M %Y') ym2 from t) dates
cross join (select distinct t.user_id, t.plant_id from t) up
left join t on date_format(t.date, '%Y-%m') = dates.ym
           and up.user_id=t.user_id
            and up.plant_id=t.plant_id
group by up.user_id, up.plant_id, ym2, ym
order by up.user_id, up.plant_id, date(concat(ym,'-1'));

The fact that Month Year does not sort correctly also requires the complex treatment of the dates for ordering purposes at the end.

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This is a pretty intense way to do it and it would be far preferable to store the month-year as a column itself if you need to make these queries frequently, but this is basically how it works:

SELECT CONCAT(MONTHNAME(date), ' ', YEAR(date)) AS monthyear, COUNT(*) AS count GROUP BY YEAR(date), MONTH(date), plant_id;

That should get you the resultset you're looking for.